Solution Thermodynamics and Preferential Solvation of Atenolol in {Ethanol (1) + Water (2)} Cosolvent Mixtures

Authors

  • Abolghasem Jouyban Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz; Kimia Idea Pardaz Azarbayjan (KIPA) Science Based Company, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51664
  • William E. Acree Jr Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5070
  • Fleming Martínez Grupo de Investigaciones Farmacéutico-Fisicoquímicas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá D. C

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2018.07.01

Keywords:

Atenolol, (ethanol water) mixtures, solubility, solution thermodynamics, preferential solvation.

Abstract

The solubility of atenolol (ATN) in some {ethanol (1) + water (2)} mixtures expressed in mole fraction at temperatures from 298.2 to 313.2 K was calculated from reported solubility values expressed in molarity scale. The van’t Hoff and Gibbs equations were used to calculate the respective apparent thermodynamic functions: Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the dissolution processes. Non-linear enthalpy–entropy relationship was observed for this drug ATN in the plot of enthalpy vs. Gibbs energy of solution with negative slope in the composition region 0.00 £ w1 £ 0.20 but positive slope in the region 0.20 £ w1 £ 0.40. Beyond this composition, the behavior is more complex. Hence, the driving mechanism for ATN dissolution process is the entropy in water-rich mixtures and the enthalpy in mixtures 0.20 £ w1 £ 0.40. Furthermore, the preferential solvation of ATN by both solvents was analyzed by using the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals observing that this drug is preferentially solvated by water molecules in water-rich and also in ethanol-rich mixtures but preferentially solvated by ethanol molecules in mixtures 0.24 £ x1 £ 0.51.

References


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Published

2018-05-10

How to Cite

Jouyban, A., Jr, W. E. A., & Martínez, F. (2018). Solution Thermodynamics and Preferential Solvation of Atenolol in {Ethanol (1) + Water (2)} Cosolvent Mixtures. Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling, 7, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2018.07.01

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General Articles