Milk Production, Quality Parameters, and Bacterial Colony Counts of Raw Milk from Murrah Buffaloes Reared in Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems

Eli  Ratni; Elly  Roza; Arief

doi:10.6000/1927-520X.2024.13.03

Authors

Eli Ratni Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, 25163, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-4797
Elly Roza Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, 25163, Indonesia
Arief Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, 25163, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-520X.2024.13.03

Keywords:

Livestock, milk quality, Murrah buffalo, raw milk

Abstract

This research aimed to assess the quantity and quality of raw Murrah buffalo milk in a mixed crop-livestock farming system in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted at the Sumber Ternak Abadi livestock farm in Pagar Merbau District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, established in 2012 within an oil palm plantation. The study observed 40 lactating Murrah buffaloes. Variables included milk production and quality metrics such as total plate count in colony-forming units per ml, water content percentage, total solids, fat content, and pH. Results demonstrated a milk yield standardized to 305 days ranging from 1,200.78±490.25 to 1,505.71±589.73 kg/head/lactation. The total plate count was 2.1 x 10⁵ ± 0.32 CFU/ml, total solids were 16.87% (w/w), fat was 5.7% (v/v), and pH was 6.73. The results confirmed that the raw Murrah buffalo milk from the observed farm meets the Indonesian National Standard for milk quality. A significant positive correlation was found between water content and total bacterial colony count (r = 0.82, p < 0.01), suggesting that higher water content in milk correlates with increased bacterial colonies.

References

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Dairy production and products: Buffaloes. [cited: 26 August 2023]. Available from https://www.fao.org/dairy-production-products/production/dairy-animals/buffaloes/en/

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Livestock Systems: Buffaloes. [cited: 26 August 2023]. Available from https://www.fao.org/livestock-systems/global-distributions/buffaloes/en/

Fysun O, Kern H, Wilke B, Langowski HC. Evaluation of factors influencing dairy biofilm formation in filling hoses of food-processing equipment. Food Bioprod Process 2019; 113: 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2018.10.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2018.10.009

Everitt B, Ekman T, Gyllenward M. Monitoring Milk Quality and Adder Health in Swedish AMS Herds. Proc. of the 1st North American Conference on Robotic Milking 2002; pp. V-72.

Roza E, dan Aritonang S. Effect of Storage Time After Milking on pH, Density, and Number of Buffalo Milk Bacterial Colonies. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia 2006; 11(1): 74-78. https://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.11.1.74-78.2006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.11.1.74-78.2006

Badan Pusat Statistik Pagar Merbau. Deli Serdang in Figures Year 2022. BPS Pagar Merbau, North Sumatra.

Cole JB, Null DJ. Genetic evaluations of lactation persistence for five breeds of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92: 2248-2258. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1825 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1825

Gaafar HMA, Mohi El-Din AMA, Basiuoni MI, dan El-Riedy KFA. Effect of concentrate to roughage ratio and baker's yeast supplementation during the hot season on the performance of lactating buffaloes. Slovak J Anim Sci 2009; 42(4): 188-195. Available at: file:///C:/Users/Admin/AppData/Local/Temp/MicrosoftEdgeDownloads/938f21e2-3ca0-46bf-947f-873ec5869d22/Gaafar-3.pdf

Association of Official Analytical Chemists [AOAC]. Official Methods of Analysis. 18th Edition, Association of Officiating Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. 2005. Method 935.14 and 992.24. Available at: https://www.scirp.org/reference/ReferencesPapers?ReferenceID=2033299

Sudjana. Method of Statistic. Tarsito. Bandung 2005.

Lingathurai S, Vellathurai P, Vendan SE, Anand AAP. A comparative study on the microbiological and chemical composition of cow milk from different locations in Madurai, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2009; 2(2): 51-54. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i2.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i2.11

Phalepi MA. Performance of Peranakan Etawa Goats (Case Study at the Farm of Agricultural Training Center Producing Ability) Sows of Peranakan Etawah Goats in the Implementation Unit of the Farm 2004.

Sodini I, Lucas A, Oliveira MN, Remeuf F, Corrieu G. Effect of Milk Base and Starter Culture on Acidification, Texture, and Probiotic Cell Counts in Fermented Milk Processing. J Dairy Sci 2002; 85(10): 2479-88. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74330-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74330-0

Indonesian National Standard. Fresh Milk Standard. Badan Standarisasi Nasional, Jakarta 2011; 01-3141.

Vimont A, Rozand CV, Muller MLD. Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Non O157 STEC in Different Matrices: Review of The Most Commonly UseEnrichment Protocols. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006; (42): 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01818.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01818.x

Mulyati L, Ardhani F, dan Yusuf R. Testing the Quality of Fresh Milk with Different Milking Treatments by Evaluation of the Number of Microbes and the Degree of Acidity (pH). Jurnal Peternakan Linkungan Tropis 2018; 1(1). https://doi.org/10.30872/jpltrop.v1i1.2440 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30872/jpltrop.v1i1.2440

Directorate General of Livestock. Department of Agriculture, the Republic of Indonesia. Jakarta 2006.

Dadar M, Fakhri Y, Shahali Y, Khaneghah AM. Contamination of milk and dairy products by Brucella species: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Res Int 2020; 128: 108775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108775 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108775