Effect of Vaccination Status on SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels in Gowa Regency Community, Indonesia

Authors

  • A. Annisa Mulyani Ilmy Master Program Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0783-6093
  • Ridwan Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
  • Andi Zulkifli Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
  • A. Arsunan Arsin Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
  • Aminuddin Syam Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
  • Arifin Seweng Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6029.2023.12.11

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2 antibody, COVID-19, vaccination status, COVID-19 infection history

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). One of the body's immune responses to infection is to produce antibodies. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection initiates cellular and humoral immune responses. The humoral immune response specifically generates antibodies against virus-specific antigens. Several factors influence the immune response, one of which is vaccination status. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of vaccination status on SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels.

Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 815 samples was conducted. The proportional random sampling technique was employed based on data obtained from the Seroepidemiology Survey. Data analysis was conducted using the STATA version 14.0 program with the Independent T-Test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Multiple logistic regression.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the determinant variables of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels based on gender (p=0.012), vaccination status (p=0.000), and COVID-19 infection history (p=0.000). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis indicated that vaccination status was the variable most associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels (p = 0.010). The OR value = 0.16 < 1 and 95%CI (0.04-0.65) which did not contain a value of 1 suggested vaccination status to be a significant protective factor associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels, with a probability value of 94.1%.

Conclusion: The most influential variable on SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in the Gowa Regency was vaccination status. Moreover, none of the variables measured were identified as confounding factors or showed interaction effects.

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Published

2023-08-28

How to Cite

Mulyani Ilmy, A. A. ., Ridwan, Zulkifli, A. ., Arsin, A. A. ., Syam, A. ., & Seweng, A. . (2023). Effect of Vaccination Status on SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels in Gowa Regency Community, Indonesia. International Journal of Statistics in Medical Research, 12, 82–89. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6029.2023.12.11

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