Effects of Different Bridges of A Series of c-Donor-nc-Bridge-cf- Acceptor Type Block Copolymers for Potential Solar Cell Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2019.08.05Keywords:
Conjugated donor and acceptor blocks, bridges, donor-acceptor interfaces, photo induced charge separations, optoelectronics, energy conversion, solar cells.Abstract
A series of c-D-nc-B-cf-A (or DBpfA, p=0,1,2,4,6) type of block copolymers has been designed, synthesized, and systematically studied for photo induced charge separations; where c-D is an electron-donating conjugated block, nc-B is a non-conjugated bridge unit, and cf-A is an electron-accepting conjugated and fluorinated block. A series of photoluminescence quenching measurements with and without different bridge units were evaluated for DBpfA. This study highlights the chemical molecular bridge effects on the optoelectronic property of the DBpfA type block copolymer. Specifically, the DB1fA block copolymer (where only one methylene unit is present in the bridge unit) appears exhibiting the best optoelectronic performance. DfA block copolymer (without any bridge unit) exhibits photoluminescence quenching and optoelectronic property that is between the shortest and longest bridge units, and this can be explained by the calculated four stable state twisting angles (most stable state is at a seventeen degree twist) between conjugated donor and conjugated acceptor blocks. The optoelectronic properties appear following the PL quenching nicely.
References
Tang C. Two Layer Organic Photovoltaic Cell. Appl Phys Lett 1986; 48: 183. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.96937 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.96937
Sun S, Sariciftci N. Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials and Devices, CRC Press: Boca Raton, Florida 2005. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420026351 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420026351
Sun S, O’Neill H. Sunlight Energy Conversion via Organics, in Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, 2nd edition, Luque A, Hegedus S, Eds., Wiley, the Atrium, England, 2011; pp. 675-715. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470974704.ch16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470974704.ch16
Li Y. Molecular Design of Photovoltaic Materials for Polymer Solar Cells: Toward Suitable Electronic Energy Levels and Broad Absorption. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45: 723. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b05352 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ar2002446
Skotheim T, Elsenbaumer R, Reynolds J, Eds., Handbook of Conducting Polymers, 3nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/b12346
Hadjichristidis N, Pispas S, Floudas G, Eds. Block Copolymers: Synthetic Strategies, Physical Properties, and Applications; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471269808
Jenekhe S, Chen L. Block Conjugated Copolymers: Toward Quantum-Well Nanostructures for Exploring Spatial Confinement Effects on Electronic, Optoelectronic, and Optical Phenomena. Macromolecules 1996; 29: 6189. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9605715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9605715
Sun S, Dalton L, Eds., Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Second Edition, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis: Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 2017 (ISBN# 978-1-4665-8510-2).
Sun S. Design of a block copolymer solar cell. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 2003; 79: 257-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00104-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00104-1
Marcus R. On the Theory of Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Involving Electron Transfer. III. Applications to Data on the Rates of Organic Redox Reactions. J Chem Phys 1957; 26(4): 872. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1743424 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1743424
Miller J, Calcaterra L, Closs G. Intramolecular long-distance electron transfer in radical anions. The effects of free energy and solvent on the reaction rates. J Am Chem Soc 1984; 106: 3047. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00322a058
Sun S. Chapter 3: Basic Electronic Structures and Charge Carrier Generation in Organic Optoelectronic Materials, in Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, 2nd edition, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis: Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 2016(CRC book catalog # K19074, ISBN# 978-1-4665- 8510-2).
Sun S, Brook J, Nguyen T, Zhang C. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of a Novel c-Donor-nc-Bridge-c-Acceptor Type Block Copolymer For Optoelectronic Applications. J Poly Sci Poly Chem 2014; 52: 1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.27098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.27098
Biju V, Sudeep P, Thomas K, George M, Barazzouk S, Kamat P. Clusters of Bis- and Tris-Fullerenes. Langmuir 2002; 18: 1831-1839. https://doi.org/10.1021/la011285b DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/la011285b
Hotchkiss P, Li H, Paramonov P, Paniagua S, Jones S, Armstrong N, Bre´das J, Marder S. Modification of the Surface Properties of Indium Tin Oxide with Benzylphosphonic Acids: A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study. Advanced Materials 2009; 21(44): 4496-4501. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900502 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900502
Nguyen T, Hasib M, Wang D, Sun S. Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Optoelectronic Properties of a Novel c-Donor-nc-Bridge-cf-Acceptor Type Block Copolymer. J Res Up Poly Sci 2016; 5: 18-38. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2016.05.01.3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2016.05.01.3
Sun S, Hasib M, Gavrilenko A, Devan, J, Gavrilenko V. Bridge Effects on Light Harvesting of a DBfA Type Polymer System, Organic Photovoltaics XVII, 2016; Vol. 99421E-1. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239027
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Muhammad A. Hasib, Sam-Shajing Sun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .