Introduction to the Study of Mechanical Properties of Terpolymer PP/EPDM Mixtures

Authors

  • Sandra R. Scagliusi Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN / CNEN - SP) Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
  • Elizabeth C.L. Carvalho Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN / CNEN - SP) Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
  • Ademar B. Lugão Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN / CNEN - SP) Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2021.10.1

Keywords:

TPE, Elastomers, thermoplastics, polymer blends, compatibility

Abstract

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), based in PP (Polypropylene) / EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) have as purpose improving PP resistance and impact, aiming to a more comprehensive use in automotive market, among edifications, construction and packaging sectors, due to their recyclability properties. PP is a commodity, with a high melting point, high mechanical resistance and low density, posing a balance between physical and mechanical properties; in addition, it shows an easy processing, at low cost. In order to minimize this deficiency, EPDM, an impact modifier, can be used. Nevertheless, most of polymeric blends are incompatible and immiscible, i.e., show a mutual and limited solubility and in most of cases, a high interfacial tension. However, there is a relatively low interfacial tension (force which acts on transformation of a continuous structure in a dispersion) between PP and EPDM (approximately 0.3 mN.m-1), reducing the rate of breakup and facilitating the build-up of a continuous structure. This work aims to the study of compatibility of PP and EPDM blends and variation of mechanical properties, emphasizing that many properties of thermoplastic elastomers can be processed according with conventional thermoplastics methods: herein, PP/EPDM blends, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 and 50/50 were characterized according to: Mechanical essays, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analyses, Melt Flow Index, Izod Impact Strength and Dynamic mechanical Analyses.

References

Payne MT, Rader CP. Thermoplastic Elastomers: a rising star. In: Cheremisinoff, N.P. Elastomer Technology Handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1993; pp. 557-595. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780138758851-14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780138758851-14

Holden G, Legge NR, Quirk R, Schroeder HE. In Thermoplastic Elastomers; Editora: Hanser Publishers: Munich, 1987; p. 573.

Furtado AM, Peres ACC, Nunes RCR, Visconte LLY, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 2001; p. 11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282001000100006

Jury JR, Chien WY. Thermoplastic Elastomer Composition, US 6,262,175 B1, (2001).

Kresge EN. Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends; Rubber Chemistry and Technology 1991; 64: 469-479. https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538564 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538564

Fernandes DM. Estudo da estabilidade térmica de misturas de poli(álcool vinílico)/lignina modificada. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, 2005.

Mark HF. Polymer Blends In Encyclopedia of Polymer Sceince and Technology, 3a edição, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.

Marson JA. Polymers Blends and composites. New York: Plenum Press, 1976; p. 515.

Furtado AM, Peres ACC, Nunes RCR, Visconte LLY, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 2001; p. 11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282001000100006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282001000100006

Jury JR, Chien WY. Thermoplastic Elastomer Composition, US 6,262,175 B1, (2001).

Zhao R, Dai G. Mechanical property and morphology comparison between the two blends poly(propylene)/ ethylene-propylene-diene monomer elastomer and poly(propylene)/maleic anhydride eg-ethylene-propylenediene monomer Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002; 86: 2486-2491. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.11003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/app.11003

Ezzati P, Ghasemi I, Karrabi M, Azizi H. Correlation between the rheological behavior and morphology of PP/EPDM blend in various dynamic vulcanization systems, IRAN Polymer Journal 2008; 17: 1-8.

Van Duin M. Recent Developments for EPDM‐Based Thermoplastic Vulcanisates Macromolecular. Symposia, 2006; 233(11): 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200690006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200690006

Rocha EC, Lovison VMH, Pierozan NJ. Tecnologia de Transformações dos Elastômeros; Centro Tecnológico de Polímeros SENAI: São Leopoldo 2003.

Payne MT, Rader CP. In Elastomer Technology Handbook; Cheremisinoff, N. P. Editora: CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1993; p. 557.

Sengupta P, Noordermeer JWM. Effects of Composition and Processing Conditions on Morphology and Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends of SEBS-PP-Oil and Dynamically Vulcanized EPDM-PP-Oil. Journal of Elastomers e Plastics 2004; 36(4): 307-331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244304042668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244304042668

Prut E, Medintseva T, Dreval V. Mechanical and Rheological Behavior of Unvulcanized and Dynamically Vulcanized -PP/EPDM Blends, Macromoleculr Symposia 2006; 233: 78- 85. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200690031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200690031

Coran AY, Patel RP. Rubber-Thermoplastic Compositions Part IV Thermoplastic Vulcanizates from various Rubber Plastic Combinations Rubber Chem. Technol, 1981,v.54, p. 892, (1981) apud Drobny, J. G. Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers. New York: Plastics Design Library, cap.2, 2007; p. 10. https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3535842 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3535842

Sarkhel G, Choudhury A. Dynamic vulcanization of polyethylene‐based thermoplastic elastomer blends, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2009; 115(1): 376-384. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.30285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/app.30285

Machado MAL, Arroyo M. New developments in dynamically cured PP-EPDM blends, Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2001; 74: 211-220. https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3544945 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3544945

Choudhary V, VarmaI HS, Varma K. Polyolefin blends: effect of EPDM rubber on crystallization, morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/EPDM blends, Polymer 1991; 32(14): 2534-2540. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(91)90332-D DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(91)90332-D

American Society for Testing and Materials – D 638-08. Standard test methods for tensile properties of plastics. EUA: 2008; p. 15.

American Society for Testing and Materials – D 3418-08 - Standard Test method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. EUA: 2008; p. 17.

American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM E 1641-07 – Standard Test method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry. EUA: 2007; p. 25.

American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM D 1238–13 - Standard Test method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer. EUA: 2013; 16.

American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM D 256–10 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics. EUA: 2018; p. 20.

American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM D 4065-12 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures. EUA: 2012; p. 7.

Canevarolo SV Jr.“Ciência dos Polímeros – Um texto básico para tecnólogos e engenheiros”; Editora Artliber; 2ª edição; São Paulo, 2006; pp. 203-208.

Gupta N, Jain A, Singhal R, Nagpal AK. Effect of dynamic crosslinking on tensile yield behavior of polypropylene/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2000; 78: 2104-2121. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4628(20001213)78:12<2104::AID-APP60>3.0.CO;2-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4628(20001213)78:12<2104::AID-APP60>3.0.CO;2-7

Guirguis OW, Moselhey MH. Thermal and structural studies of poly (vinyl alcohol) and hydroxypropyl cellulose blends”. Nature Science 2012; 4(1): 57-67. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41009

Gallo JB, Agnelli, José AM. Aspectos do comportamento de polímeros em condições de incêndio. Polímeros 1998; 8(1): 23-38. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14281998000100005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14281998000100005

Banerjee SS, Bhowmick AK. An effective strategy to develop nanostructured morphology and enhanced physico-mechanical properties of PP/EPDM thermoplastic elastomers, J Mater Sci 2016; 51: 6722-6734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9959-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9959-7

Santos L. da S, Silva AH, Monteiro da FT da, Pacheco, E. B. A. V., Silva, A. L. N. da. Estudo do efeito da adição de PP reciclado nas propriedades mecânicas e de escoamento de misturas de PP/EPDM. Polímeros 2013; 23(3): 389-394. https://doi.org/10.4322/polimeros.2013.083 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4322/polimeros.2013.083

Menard PK. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: A Practical Introduction, CRC Press LLC: New York, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420049183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420049183

Downloads

Published

2021-03-03

How to Cite

Scagliusi, S. R. ., Carvalho, E. C. ., & Lugão, A. B. . (2021). Introduction to the Study of Mechanical Properties of Terpolymer PP/EPDM Mixtures. Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science, 10, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2021.10.1

Issue

Section

5th Brazilian Conference on Composite Materials , 18th to 22nd January, 2021

Most read articles by the same author(s)