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Abstract : Emerging Role of 177Lu in Nuclear Oncology: A Brief Review
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Abstract: With the innovations in nuclear medicine techniques, Lutetium 177 (177Lu) has epitomized as a revolutionary theranostic agent- with both scintigraphic and therapeutic properties. The present review focusses on the introduction of 177Lu as a promising modality for tumor diagnosis and therapy in widespread metastases . Being a shorter β-range emitter providing better irradiation of smaller tumor volumes, 177Lu- based PRRT is being increasingly used in patients with somatostatin receptor positive neuroendocrine tumors. Clinical trials with 177Lu–DOTATATE and 177Lu–DOTATOC have gained considerable interest in recent years with successful tumor regression in patients with malignant metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Especially, therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT has reported to significantly improve the quality of life of Gastroenteropancreatic NET patients because of higher affinity of DOTATATE for the somatostatin type 2 receptors. In addition, this review also sheds light on the diagnostic and palliative aspects of 177Lu which also serves to be an attractive candidate for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals for radiation synovectomy of small to medium sized joints. Enlisting all the said features, 177Lu is strongly emerging as a promising theranostic agent that could possibly endow Nuclear Medicine an edge over other conventional therapies in near future. Keywords: Theranostic agent, somatostatin receptor, radionuclide therapy, radioimmunotherapy, imaging agent. Download Full Article |
Abstract : Role of Hormones in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - An Update
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Abstract: Background: Hormones have been recognized as regulator of the cell growth, differentiation and maturation. It has become increasingly evident that hormone may play a crucial role in the genesis and progression of several cancers like those of breast, ovary, testis, thyroid, prostrate including oral cancer. Aim: Present overview aims to discuss and provide data on possible role of various hormones including stress hormone, sex hormone, parathyroid and related hormone protein, melatonin and active metabolite of vitamin D3 in causation and progression of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Data Acquisition: A systematic search of existing literature was carried out for the keywords like hormones and cancer, hormones and oral cancer or OSCC utilizing the Google, Google Scholar and PubMed databases for extraction, assortment and compilation of data. Inference: In conclusion, we found that hormones are directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of the OSCC and can be utilized in its management and prevention. Keywords: Cancer, Hormones, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Steroids. Download Full Article |
Abstract : Comparative Epidemiological Profiles in Prostate Cancer Algerian and Mauritanian Patients: Retrospective Study of 124 Cases
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Abstract: Prostate cancer (Pca) is a common neoplasia in elderly men. Its incidence increased over the last two decades in the Northern Africa.This study aimed to perform a comparison between epidemiological profiles of Pca in patients from two Maghreb countries (Algeria and Mauritania).This is a retrospective study carried out during 2014-2016, on population of 124 cases including 64 Pca Algerian patients recorded in the Oncology Department of Saida hospital, the Urology Department of Oran University Hospital and 60 Pca Mauritanians patients recruited in the National Oncology Center and the Friendship Hospital in Nouakchott. For these Pca patiens of different ethnic origin, demographic characteristics were studied and biological monitoring of the tumor marker PSA (prostate specific antigen) was performed in medical biological analysis laboratories using the same methods of serum-PSA assay.The mean age was significantly different in both groups of Pca Algerian and Mauritanian patients (respectively 74 vs 70 years). No significant positive correlation between the age and the PSA, in both groups, was recorded (R = 0.00796 vs R = 0.127) (p ˃ 0.05). The mean serum- PSA levels were 156.5 ± 76.4 ( Pca Algerians) and 179.3 ± 52.1 ng / mL (Pca Mauritanians). Histological evidence was obtained in 54.6 % (Pca Algerians) and 23.3 % (Pca Mauritanian patients). 15 Pca Patients with metastatic tumor stage and 17 cases of death were found. Prostate cancer essentially affects men old over 50 years in both Northern African countries and this comparative study showed the same methods of screening, diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of Pca used in these two areas. Keywords: Prostate cancer, Neoplasia, Retrospective study, Oncology, Urology, Prostate specific antigen. Download Full Article |
Abstract : Evaluation of Concordance between Gleason Scores of Tansrectal Ultrasound Guided Biopsy and Radical Prostatectomy Samples in Prostate Cancer
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Abstract: Objective: In this study, we investigated the concordance between Gleason scores of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer via transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and treated with radical prostatectomy in our clinic. Material and Method: 115 patients were included in our study treated with radical prostatectomy for organ-confined prostate cancer between the dates of November 2011 and December 2014. Data of these patients are reviewed retrospectively. Results: The average age of the patients was 61.8 ± 6.8 (43-76) years. The average body mass index of these patients were (BMI) 26.7 ± 3.34 (19.3 – 35.3) kg/m². Average PSA value was 6.6 ± 10.1 (1.4 – 80) ng/ml. Gleason scores of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and radical prostatectomy were observed concordant in 74 (64.3%) of 115 patients, while 41 (35.6%) were not concordant. Gleason score was decreased by 1 grade for 8.6% (10 patients) of patients, it was increased by 1 for 26.0% (30 patients) of patients and for 0.8% (1 patient) it was increased by 3. Discussion: These findings indicate indicate that Gleason scores of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and prostatectomy specimens may be discordant. Keywords: Gleason score, prostate biopsy, prostate cancer, PSA, radical prostatectomy. Download Full Article |
