jao
Abstract : Primary Intracranial Thalamic Leiomyosarcoma: Clinical Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
|
|
Abstract: Purpose:The incidence of the primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare, and few cases have been previously reported worldwide to date. This report was to clarify the potential role of radiotherapy in the management of primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma. Methods and Materials:This report presented a 49-year old man with a 3-month history of a progressively headache and walking unsteadily. The diagnosis was confirmed with thalamic leiomyosarcomaof high-grade malignancy according to the pathologic examination after neurosurgical biopsy. The patient didn’t undergo surgical resection because of a high risk death. After biopsy, radiotherapy using 3D-CRT technique to the mass site with 55.8Gy/31f/43d was given accordingly.
Results: The mass didn’t reduce much at the end of radiotherapy. The patient refused systemic chemotherapy, he was alive without signs of local relapse and brain side-effectswith 6 month’s follow-up. After living eleven months and three weeks after radiotherapy, he died of local progression.
Conclusions: Through literature review, the current therapeutic approaches including surgery, radiotherapy as well as chemotherapy appear to have limited effect, but could be beneficious of patients in tumor local control and improvement of the life quality. Keywords: Leiomyosarcoma, Intracranial, Thalamencephalon, Radiotherapy, Surgery. Download Full Article |
Abstract : Amelanotic Melanoma of the Root of the Tongue in A Canine Patient Treated by Electrochemotherapy
|
|
Abstract: Background: Electrochemotherapy is a novel tumor treatment routinely used for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors in human patients in the European Union since 2006. Here we used it to treat an amelanotic melanoma of the root of the tongue in a canine patient. Case Presentation: The patient was a 9 year-old, female, Golden Retriever, dehydrated, cachectic and in a bad general condition due to the difficulty in eating and drinking provoked by the tumor. The procedure was performed with general anesthesia, with intravenous administration of bleomycin, and went uneventful. The only adverse effect was an important swelling of the tongue which lasted 2 days and was controlled with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Results and Conclusion: A good local control of the disease was achieved with a 83% reduction of the tumor mass, at day 21 after a single treatment. On the 33rd day the patient died after a digestive hemorrhage not related to the treatment. Electrochemotherapy was found a good approach to locally control the disease. The swelling of the tongue was an important side effect which has to be taken into account when treating this organ, and should be controlled with medication. Keywords: Amelanotic melanoma, electroporation, cancer, ECT, dog.Download Full Article |
Abstract : ‘Hygienic’ Lymphocytes Convey Increased Cancer Risk
|
|
Abstract: Risk of developing inflammation-associated cancers has increased in industrialized countries during the past 30 years. One possible explanation is societal hygiene practices with use of antibiotics and Caesarian births that provide too few early life exposures of beneficial microbes. Building upon a ‘hygiene hypothesis’ model whereby prior microbial exposures lead to beneficial changes in CD4+ lymphocytes, here we use an adoptive cell transfer model and find that too few prior microbe exposures alternatively result in increased inflammation-associated cancer growth in susceptible recipient mice. Specifically, purified CD4+ lymphocytes collected from ‘restricted flora’ donors increases multiplicity and features of malignancy in intestinal polyps of recipient ApcMin/+ mice, coincident with increased inflammatory cell infiltrates and instability of the intestinal microbiota. We conclude that while a competent immune system serves to maintain intestinal homeostasis and good health, under hygienic rearing conditions CD4+ lymphocytes instead exacerbate inflammation-associated tumorigenesis, subsequently contributing to more frequent cancers in industrialized societies. Keywords: Hygiene, ApcMin/+, cancer, inflammation, microbiome.Download Full Article |
Abstract : Acetylation of 1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone Improves Binding to DNA and Shows Enhanced Superoxide Formation that Explains Better Cytotoxicity on JURKAT T Lymphocyte Cells
|
|
Abstract: Background: Hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones form the core unit of anthracycline anticancer drugs and are close structural analogues to these drugs. Although they show close resemblance to anthracyclines in physicochemical characteristics and electrochemical behavior their biophysical interactions are somewhat weaker than anthracyclines which is a disadvantage. One reason is the formation of anionic species by hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones. Hence if formation of anionic species is prevented there could be a possibility hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones would bind DNA better. Procedure: For this 1, 2, 5, 8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (THAQ) was acetylated to obtain a tetra-acetylated derivative (THAQ-ace) whose interaction with calf thymus DNA was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy at different pH.
Results: Binding constant values for THAQ-ace (~105) were higher than THAQ at different pH. Increase in binding constant was attributed to anionic species not formed for THAQ-ace at physiological pH. Hence, unlike THAQ, binding constant values for THAQ-ace interacting with calf thymus DNA did not show variation with pH. In fact, it remained more or less constant. Increase in size of the acetylated form (THAQ-ace) compared to THAQ had a negative influence on binding. THAQ-ace showed enhanced superoxide formation. Both DNA binding and superoxide formation were responsible for a significant improvement in anticancer activity for THAQ-ace compared to THAQ on Jurkat T lymphocyte cells.
Conclusion: Binding constant values for THAQ-ace binding to DNA were close to that reported for some standard anthracyclines. Hence, suitable modification of the less costly hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones could provide alternatives to anthracyclines in cancer chemotherapy. Keywords: Acetylated1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (THAQ-ace), anthracycline, calf thymus DNA, superoxide, JURKAT T lymphocyte cells. Download Full Article |
