Inhibitory Effects of the Flower of Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.) on Tumour Promotion Induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-actete
Pages 76-80
Ken Yasukawa

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.03.1

Published: 28 October 2015

Abstract: Cancer prevention is an important issue in various healthcare fields; thus, we continue searching for potential useful compounds. This study focuses on the utilization of Canadian goldenrod, which is commonly seen growing on vacant land. Methanol extracts of the flower of Canadian goldenrod inhibited inflammation by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and inhibited promotion in the mouse skin two-stage carcinogenesis model. Five inhibitory compounds were isolated from the active fraction, and these compounds were identified as flavonoids; kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (3), querectin-3-O-rutinoside (4), and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (5). These compounds inhibited the inflammation induced by TPA, and the inhibitory effects were similar to indomethacin.

Nutraceuticals as Functional Foods
Pages 64-72
Somya Gupta, Nayyar Parvez and Pramod Kumar Sharma

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.02.4

Published: 31 July 2015

Abstract: Nutraceuticals are considered to be fortified or enriched foods providing all the essential nutrients required for maintaining the optimal health. A numerous studies have suggested the potential association of nutraceuticals with diet and health. This article gives a brief review on the classification of nutraceuticals on the basis of the availability of the nutraceutical from the natural sources which is further being processed and proving its medical health benefits in the market. The review also summarizes about the functional nutraceuticals acting as dietary supplements, suggested to have the capacity to significantly contribute to the modulation of the complex mechanisms of disease pathology with a view being that they may be essential in optimizing in vivo defences and help in maintaining wellness. Nonetheless, several more clinical and biological studies are needed to support guidelines for the intake of nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment in specific diseases and its medical benefits.

Isovaleric Acidemia: A Novel Mutation with Mild Phenotype
Pages 24-27
K. Matalon, R. Lombardo, K. Fuller and R. Matalon

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.01.5

Published: 30 April 2015

Abstract: Isovaleric Acidemia (IVA) is considered a severe metabolic disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. It is caused by deficiency of the enzyme Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD). Early treatment with carnitine and glycine reduces the episodes of the severe metabolic crises. With the advent of neonatal screening, IVD deficiency has shown a spectrum of severity. We describe a novel homozygous mutation, R332L, in the IVD enzyme with a benign phenotype.

Keywords: IVA, IVD, Isovalerylcarnitine, Isovalerylglycine, newborn screen.

Oral L-Arginine Supplementation Effects on Cardiometabolic Factors in Hypertensive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Relationship with Body Mass Index
Pages 41-49
Olexandr Kuryata and Oksana Sirenko

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.02.2

Published: 31 July 2015

Abstract: Hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis are regarded as a conditions associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease. As known endothelial dysfunction is an early pathophysiological feature and an independent predictor cardiovascular disease. L-arginine is the amino acid with potential to improve endothelial function and is expected to play a role in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease.In addition, data exists that L-arginine aspartate can reduce insulin resistance.We aimed to evaluate the effects of oral L-arginine supplementation on cardiometabolic factors by determining endothelial function, insulin resistance, adiponectin level in hypertensive patients combined with rheumatoid arthritisand its relationship with body mass index.69 females with mean age – 54 [50,3; 61,5] years were enrolled. The 1^st group made up 29 patients with hypertension combined with rheumatoid arthritis, 2^nd group – 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 3^rd group – 20 patients with hypertension. In the endpoint patients were randomized to study subgroups patients, which received L-Arginine aspartate 30 ml/day during 4 weeks in addition to standard treatment, and control subgroups – received only the standard treatment. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, serum creatinine, body mass index, body area index were determined. Insulin resistance, adiponectin level, endothelial-dependent flow mediated vasodilatation of brachial artery were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks. In patients with hypertension combined with rheumatoid arthritis identified a significant increase in insulin levels, insulin resistance, adiponectin, which were associated with cardiovascular risk, abdominal obesity, inflammatory activity levels. Oral supplementation of L-arginine causes multiple beneficial effects on the complex of cardiometabolic factors including: endothelial dysfunction, peripheral insulin resistance, adiponectin level in hypertensive patients with rheumatoid arthritis,mainly in obesity case. With the correction of endothelial function were established more significantly changes in the investigated parameters.