Journal of Basic & Applied Science | Volume 7 Number 2

journal-basic-applied-scien

Table of Contents

Volume 7 No. 2, 2011

Biochemistry
Long-Term Administration of HMG-COA-Reductase Inhibitor (Simvastatin) affects Brain Serotonin Neurotransmission in Male Rats
Sadia Saleem, Saida Haider, Fizza Naqvi, Saiqa Tabassum and Darakhshan J. Haleem
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.01
Enhancement of Memory by Lithium in Animal Model of Stress
Tahira Perveen, Zehra Batool, Saida Haider and Darakhshan J Haleem
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.02

Chemistry
Determination of Some Toxic and Essential Trace Metals in Some Medicinal and Edible Plants of Karachi City
Mahwash Zahra Kirmani, Sheikh Mohiuddin, Farah Naz, Iftikhar Imam Naqvi and Erum Zahir
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.03
Two New Diarylesters from Ipomoea Cairica
Sumayya Saied, Farhana Batool and Shaista Naz
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.04

Geography
The South Asiatic Monsoon and Flood Hazards in the Indus River Basin, Pakistan
Shamshad Akhtar
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.05

Mathematics
Direct-Global and Reverse-Global Aspects of Town-wise Distribution of Karachi Katchi-Abadies
Shaheen Abbas and Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.06

Pharmacology
Effect of Wet Cupping Therapy on Virulent Cellulitis Secondary to Honey Bee Sting – A Case Report
Asif Ahmed, Rafeeq Alam Khan, Amjad Ahsan Ali and M. Ahmed Mesaik
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.07
Studies of Ketoprofen Toxicity in Avian Species
Asif Farooq Awan, Taha Nazir, Muhammad Ashraf, Owais Umer and Habib Ur Rehman
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.08
The Effect of Cedrus deodara Root Oil on the Histopathology of Rat Stomach
Ijaz Hussain Zaidi, Syed Naeemul Hasan Naqvi, Qamar Aziz, R.M. Tariq, Aneela Qureshi, Mazhar Hussain Hijazi, Muhammed Ahmed Azmi, Shabih Zehra and Rehana Parveen
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.09

Physics
Design and Construction of Very Low Frequency Antenna
M. Waheed-uz-Zaman and M.A.K. Yousufzai
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.10
Total Global and Diffuse Solar Radiation for Upper Sindh, Pakistan
M. Akhlaque Ahmed, Firoz Ahmad and M. Wasim Akhtar
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.11
Utilization of Markov Chain Technique to Generate High-Density Wind Speed Data for the Coastal Belt of Pakistan
Zeeshan Alam Nayyar, Nayyer Alam Zaigham and Abdul Qadeer
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.12

Zoology
Adverse Effect of Lead Acetate on Drosophila melanogaster
Rizwanual Haq, M. Farhanullah Khan and Ehteshamul Haq
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.13
Correlation between Body Weight & Egg Weight of Dokki and Fayoumi Hen in Pakistan
Rizwanual Haq, Ehteshamul Haq and M. Farhanullah Khan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.14
Determination of LC50 of Chlorpyrifos and Neem Extract on third Instar Larvae of House Flies and their Effect on Fecundity
Islam Dad, Masarrat Jahan Yousuf and Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.15

 

LONG TERM ADMINISTRATION OF HMG-COA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (SIMVASTATIN) AFFECTS BRAIN SEROTONIN NEUROTRANSMISSION IN MALE RATS

Sadia Saleem, Saida Haider, Fizza Naqvi, Saiqa Tabassum and Darakhshan J Haleem
Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.01
ABSTRACT
Simvastatin, an important member of statin family is widely prescribed as cholesterol-lowering agent. Like other statins it acts by inhibiting the rate limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, responsible for the endogenous production of cholesterol which forms an essential part of neuronal cell membranes. Lowering of cholesterol has been reported to alter the brain chemistry and hence neurotransmission. To understand the association between low cholesterol and brain serotonin (5-HT) we monitored the effect of oral administration of simvastatin for 4 weeks on brain serotonin levels. Drug treated rats exhibited significantly low plasma cholesterol levels. Brain serotonin and 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindole acetic acid) levels were also decreased in drug treated rats. Plasma tryptophan (TRP) was significantly increased but brain tryptophan levels were significantly decreased in drug treated rats. Weekly food intake during the entire experimental period was comparable in control and drug treated rats. Results of the present study suggest that simvastatin induced lowering of cholesterol may be responsible for the decrease in brain 5-HT neurotransmission and hence may be a cause of depression observed in subjects taking simvastatin to lower cholesterol levels.
Keywords: Simvastatin; plasma cholesterol; TRP; brain serotonin; brain 5-HIAA.


Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

ENHANCEMENT OF MEMORY BY LITHIUM IN ANIMAL MODEL OF STRESS

Tahira Perveen*, Zehra Batool, Saida Haider and Darakhshan J Haleem
Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.02
ABSTRACT
Numerous studies have consistently shown that repeated restraint stress produces functional neuromorphological and physiological alteration that are linked to the pathophysiology of brain disorder, like depression and bipolar disorder, causes alteration in cognition and learning memory. Lithium is the drug of choice in the treatment of depression and mania in bipolar disorder as a mood-stabilizing agent.
Present study was designed to investigate the effects of long term lithium administration on memory function and its relation with 5-HT metabolism following repeated restraint stress. In this experiment memory was assessed by novel object recognition task in water treated and lithium treated unrestraint and restraint rats. Recognition memory decreased in water treated repeated restraint rats while in lithium treated repeated restraint rats recognition memory increased. 5- HIAA level increased in water treated restraint rats while decreased in lithium treated restraint rats. The findings indicate a role of brain serotonin in improved memory function in repeated restraint rats following long term lithium administration.
Keywords: Stress, lithium, memory, 5-HIAA.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

DETERMINATION OF SOME TOXIC AND ESSENTIAL TRACE METALS IN SOME MEDICINAL AND EDIBLE PLANTS OF KARACHI CITY
Mahwash Zahra Kirmani*, Sheikh Mohiuddin, Farah Naz, Iftikhar Imam Naqvi and Erum Zahir
Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.03
ABSTRACT
Trace metals in eight different medicinal plants commonly available in Karachi namely Azadirachta indica (Neem), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Murraya koenigii (Curry Leaves), Trachyspermum ammi (Ajowan), Foeniculum vulgare (Fennal), Brassica oleracea (Cabbage), Brassica rapa (Turnip), and Pipper nigrum (Black pepper) have been quantitatively analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and Flame Photometry. A wet digestion procedure involving the use of H2SO4 (95%) and H2O2 (35%) has been adopted to digest medicinal plants. Nine heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni, and Zn) and two alkali metals (K and Na) were chosen on the basis of their effects upon health. In general the order of concentration of toxic metals in medicinal plants was found to follow the order Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd. Sodium and Potassium content was found to be very high in all the samples. Concentration of sodium were recorded to be the highest in roots of Brassica rapa and Murraya koenigii i.e., more than 1000 µg/g. Potassium concentrations are around 9038 µg/g in Foeniculum vulgare. Plant samples of Trachyspermum ammi, leaves of Brassica rapa, and Foeniculum vulgare, Brassica oleracea (Cabbage), contained comparatively higher amounts of Fe i.e., >100µg/g. Out of all toxic metals Lead is present at noticeable levels in all the samples that indicates higher soil pollution .Concentrations of Na, K and Mn and Cu are found to be very high in Brassica rapa roots as compared to its leaves while Fe levels are found to be high in leaves.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Heavy metals, Pollution, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

TWO NEW DIARYLESTERS FROM IPOMOEA CAIRICA
Sumayya Saied, Farhana Batool and Shaista Naz
Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.04
ABSTRACT
Ipomoea cairica L. Sweet, used in Brazilian folk medicine for curing rheumatism and inflammations. Two new compounds cairicate (1) and methoxycairicate (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract from I. cairica together with one known compound myristyl alcohol reported for the first time from this plant. The structures of compounds were elucidated through spectrometric methods.
Keywords: Ipomoea cairica, cairicate, methoxycairicate.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

THE SOUTH ASIATIC MONSOON AND FLOOD HAZARDS IN THE INDUS RIVER BASIN, PAKISTAN
Shamshad Akhtar
Department of Geography, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.05
ABSTRACT
Flood is the most common of all environmental hazards. Each year floods claim over 20,000 lives adversely affect around 75 million people . The reason lies because of the widespread geographical distribution of rivers basins from mountainous terrain to flood plains, the low lying coasts and deltas. Pakistan is also a country which faces flood hazard periodically. The Indus river basin is the main flood prone area which occupies two-third area of Pakistan. The recent flood which occurred between 29th July and 26th August 2010 was the worst flood in the history of Pakistan. It affected four provinces, the Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa (NWFP), Punjab, Balochistan and Sindh. Out of 143 districts, 67 districts of Pakistan were severely affected. It is estimated that about 20 million people were directly affected, killed 3000, destroyed 1 million houses, displaced 10 millions, and millions were affected by water-borne diseases, lack of food, drinking water and shelter. It is estimated that about 130 million hectare of croplands had been inundated. The present study is an attempt to present a historical analysis of the relationship of south Asiatic monsoon and occurrence of severe floods in the Indus River basin. The study examines the nature of south Asiatic monsoon which caused catastrophic flood of 2010 in the Indus River basin. and also probe out anthropogenic causes of flood hazard and problems of flood water and flood plain management.
Keywords: Flood, Indus River, cropland.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

DIRECT-GLOBAL AND REVERSE-GLOBAL ASPECTS OF TOWN WISE DISTRIBUTION OF KARACHI KATCHI-ABADIES

Shaheen Abbas* and Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari*
Mathematical Sciences Research Centre, Federal Urdu University of Arts Sciences & Technology,
Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.06
ABSTRACT
From the administrative point of view previously Karachi was divided in five districts which is now divided in eighteen towns. This change over has greatly altered the distribution pattern of KKAs. So it seems necessary to analyze the situation anew. This study analyses the distribution of 200 KKAs in this new scenario. There are two aspects of these analyses the local and the global. The local aspect refers to the mutual relationship of KKAs in a town whereas; the global aspect refers to the relationship of a KA of a town with the KAs of all the other towns. This study is particularly concerned with the global aspects of the town wise distribution of KAs of Karachi. Two techniques, the Direct-Global technique (DGT) (utilizing the densest KAs) and the Reverse-Global technique (RGT) (utilizing the least populated KAs) are developed in this regard. In addition, we have also studied the population density distribution of KKAs. For this purpose we have developed the Global Flatten Gradient Density Model (GFGDM) an enhancement of our flattened gradient density model (FGDM) developed earlier. The appropriateness of FDGDM is tested with the help of Log-Linear Transformation Model (LLTM) and Log-Exponential Transformation Model (LETM). The later one appears to be more appropriate.
Keywords: Karachi Katchi-Abadies (KKAs), Pivot, Reverse-Global (RG), Direct-Global technique (DGT), Reverse- Global technique (RGT).

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

 

EFFECT OF WET CUPPING THERAPY ON VIRULENT CELLULITIS SECONDARY TO HONEY BEE STING – A CASE REPORT

Asif Ahmed*, Rafeeq Alam Khan, Amjad Ahsan Ali and M. Ahmed Mesaik
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Baqai Medical College, Baqai Medical University, Karachi
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi
Faculty of Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi
Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research,
International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.07
ABSTRACT
Cellulitis is clinical condition that is caused by the inflammation of sub-cutaneous tissue. Conventional treatment of cellulitis is based on the use of antimicrobials. Treatment by Cupping is one of the oldest ways of healing for more than 5000 years; now reemerging in this modern age and is being practice in many countries such as USA, UK, Germany and China.
This is the first reported case in which, twice a healthy subject was stung by honeybee and was effectively treated by cupping therapy. In the first attack of honeybee sting, a virulent cellulitis developed on the ventral surface of the right forearm. The subject was treated with antimicrobials with no response. Later as an adjunctive treatment, cupping therapy was applied at the site of cellulitis with remarkable and immediate clinical recovery. Interestingly, 45 days later, same individual was again stung by honeybee on the planter surface of the right big toe and on this occasion immediately cupping was applied; that gave quick relief and no inflammation developed. Cupping therapy may be an effective measure in the treatment of honey bee sting induced cellulitis.
Keywords: Cupping therapy, Cellulitis, Honeybee, Inflammation, Complementary and Alternative Medicine

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

STUDIES OF KETOPROFEN TOXICITY IN AVIAN SPECIES

Asif Farooq Awan, Taha Nazir*, Muhammad Ashraf, Owais Umer and Habib Ur Rehman
Services Hospital, Ministry of Health, Government of the Punjab, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan
School of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Islamabad Campus, 24 Jinnah Avenue, Blue Area, Islamabad, Pakistan
Faculty of Bio-Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.08
ABSTRACT
Certain environmental factors are very important to stabilize the wild life; avian diseases, vulture crises and ecological annoyance. This should be fixed scientifically to minimize the health hazards. Thus; we have aimed this project to evaluate effects of toxic dosage levels of Ketoprofen in broiler chickens. Two hundred and twenty five (225) healthy broiler chickens were reared upto 28 days and divided into five groups 25 birds in each group. On day 29th four groups were medicated twice a day at dose rate of 50 mg/kg body weight respectively intra-muscularly for four days. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. A physical examination, toxicity and mortality rate were recorded daily. Blood samples was drawn to determination the serum values of Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Uric Acid, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Creatinine. Postmortem performed on day 41 after all samples taken. In second experiment other 100 birds were divided into five groups comprising of 20 birds in each group. One of the groups was injected I/M Ketoprofen 5mg/kg twice a day. Postmortem performed after medication on 5th day. Based on the necropsy findings and biochemical analysis it was found that Ketoprofen was not safe drug in the avian species. Keeping in view the environmental problem (vultures crises) it is recommended that Ketoprofen which has good pharmacological effects in human medicine should be avoided in veterinary practice.
Keywords: Ketoprofen toxicity, Broiler birds, LFT’s

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

THE EFFECT OF CEDRUS DEODARA ROOT OIL ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGY OF RAT STOMACH

Ijaz Hussain Zaidi*, Syed Naeemul Hasan Naqvi, Qamar Aziz, R.M. Tariq, Aneela Qureshi, Mazhar Hussain Hijazi, Muhammed Ahmed Azmi, Shabih Zehra and Rehana Parveen
Department of Casualty, P.N.S Shifa Hospital, DHA, Phase 2, Karachi
Department of Pharmacology, Anatomy & Physiology, Baqai Medical University, Toll Plaza, Gadap Town, Karachi
Departments of Physiology, Pathology & Radiology, Al-Tibri Medical College, Old Thana Gadap, Malir Town, Karachi
MAH Qadri Biological Research Centre, University of Karachi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.09
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to observe the anti-ulcer effects of Cedrus deodara root oil on the rat’s stomach and compare it with standard anti-ulcer drugs, femotidine and protonix. The study was conducted on 50 albino Wistar rats in three different doses i.e. 30, 40, and 50 mg/kg. The animals were divided into five groups, each group comprised of 10 rats (5 male and 5 female). The oil was extracted from the plant root by dry destructive distillation method and the dose was calculated by dissolving 1.25 gms of Cedrus deodara in 25ml of 10% ethanol. The drugs were administered to the treated animals orally through feeding tube for two weeks. Animals received the dose of 50 mg cedar oil only, showed the healing effects on the mucosal epithelium of stomach, decreased inflammatory cells and granulation tissues on the submucosal layer upon histopathological examination. Therefore it may be concluded that Cedrus deodara root oil has anti-ulcerative effects and may be used in the management of gastrointestinal disorders particularly in peptic ulcer.
Keywords: Histopathology, Cedrus deodara root oil, Stomach, Anti-ulcer drugs, Albino rats.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF VERY LOW FREQUENCY ANTENNA

M. Waheed-uz-Zaman* and M.A.K. Yousufzai,
Institute of Space and Planetary Astrophysics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Applied Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.10
ABSTRACT
Communication with submerged submarines requires specific techniques and devices which gives totally different criteria as compared to the air. In the ocean salts water provide a hindrance for electromagnetic radiation such as normal radio communication because sat water acts as thick conductors. It is the normal practice in submarine is to surface and raise an antenna above the water surface to use standard technology. In case of nuclear-powered submarines it is very difficult to come on surface for communication. A thorough research it was analyzed by the scientists that VLF radio waves (3-30 KHz) can penetrate sea water down to a depth of roughly 20 meters. It’s really a backup of existing, higherfrequency, radio-based communication systems. Moreover the rate of information and speed of transmission of other systems, it “gets through” while the others cannot. Previously it was a one-way, non-voice system, but it provides sufficient information to the submarine’s commander to surface to receive more information via other means but in this paper a view is given to the readers the both way communication under water with submarines. This is an experimental effort to enquire the live data and with the passage of time and effort it can be used for both way communications between two submarines.
Keywords: VLF antenna, propagation in sea water, radio waves communication, nuclear submarine.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

TOTAL GLOBAL AND DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION FOR UPPER SINDH, PAKISTAN

M. Akhlaque Ahmed, Firoz Ahmad and *M. Wasim Akhtar
Basic and Applied Science, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Energy and Environment Research Group, Department of Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Usman Institute of Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.11
ABSTRACT
Global and diffuse solar radiation studies have been carried out for upper Sindh (Jacobabad) to assess the applicability of solar energy utilization for these areas. The global and diffuse solar radiation was carried out using sunshine hour data. The result obtained shows the variation of direct and diffuse component of solar radiation in summer and winter months. In Jacobabad areas the diffuse radiations is maximum during the month of July and August and minimum during the months of November, December and January. The cloudiness index KT values indicate the clear sky in the month of January to June and September to December for Jacobabad. From the studies it has been found that with the exception of monsoon months July and August solar energy can be utilized throughout the year for Jacobabad.
Keywords: Solar energy utilization for Jacobabad, Global and diffuse solar radiation for upper Sindh.


Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

UTILIZATION OF MARKOV CHAIN TECHNIQUE TO GENERATE HIGHDENSITY WIND SPEED DATA FOR THE COASTAL BELT OF PAKISTAN

Zeeshan Alam Nayyar*, Nayyer Alam Zaigham and Abdul Qadeer
Renewable Energy Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Geology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.12
ABSTRACT
In order to estimates the reliable wind potential of any region, the high density wind speed data of 10-minutes or an hour interval is necessary. In most part of the Pakistan, available wind speed data is usually consists of monthly averages. In such a case, the Markov chain method based on transition matrix approach is used to synthesize the hourly wind speed data from the available averaged monthly wind speed data. The coastal belt of Pakistan is consider as a favorable regime for the development of wind energy activities and mainly targeted for the energy estimation. The first-order Markov chain technique has been used to synthesize and generate the wind speed data for the height of 10m from the monthly averaged wind data into the daily wind speed data for the coastal regions of Pakistan. Furthermore, the trends of both the daily original airport wind speed data and the synthesized wind speed data have been analyzed and significant compatibility is observed.
Keywords: Wind energy, wind potential, Pakistan coast, Markov chain technique

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

ADVERSE EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Rizwanual Haq, M. Farhanullah Khan and Ehteshamul Haq
Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Zoology University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Govt. National College, Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.13
ABSTRACT
As lead is an important environmental noxious waste which directly or indirectly contaminate the foods, soil water, and air thus, insects could be influenced easily by the lead. Therefore, lead was studied as lead acetate in different doses. viz 0.125 mg., 0.25 mg., 0.5 mg, 01 mg and 02 mg, on external morphology on Drosophila melanogaster at 48 hours post treatment. It was observed that under the effects of lead abnormalities and deformity were developed in the larvae of flies. Morphological changes were observed as elongated wings, de-shaped wings, elongated and folded legs, change in color of larvae, pupae and adults. Some other structural abnormalities of larvae and pupa shape were also observed. Thus the Dipterous flies could present a useful module for the quick transmission of the environmental hazards due to lead contamination, which exerts a specific physiological and morphological effect on these flies. So, in this respect, Drosophila melanogaster, could be used as a test method for heavy metals effects.
Keywords: Heavy metal, lead acetate, D. melanogaster.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT & EGG WEIGHT OF DOKKI AND FAYOUMI HEN IN PAKISTAN

Rizwanual Haq, Ehteshamul Haq and *M. Farhanullah Khan
Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Govt. National College, Karachi,
Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.14
ABSTRACT
Dokki & Fayoumi hens were studied for their egg production and feed consumption features. Feed consumption of 101.67 and105.4 gram per day per Dokki & Fayoumi hens bird was observed in the under test poultry from 20th to 40th weeks of age. In Dokki breed, the total egg production was recorded as 47.2% and average number of egg per hen was 66.2%. In this type an average increased egg weight was found from 39.2g to 45.9g. An average body weight gain during the 20th to 40th week of age was observed as 0.67kg. The survival/viability was 93.74% under the test conditions. On the other hand in Fayoumi breed, total egg production was 54.7% and the average egg weight 41.6 grams. The average body weight of the hen at 20th week of age was 1.35 kg and at 40th week of age was 1.684 kg; with an average gain in the body weight during 20th to 40th week of age was 0.325 kg. The mortality in Fayoumi was 5.45% recoded and survival was 94.55% whereas in Dokey it was 6.36 & survival was 93.74. In the both under test breed positive correlation between body weight and egg weight was recorded.
Keywords: Correlation, body weight, egg weight, Dokki breed and Fayoumi breed hens.

 

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

DETERMINATION OF LC50 OF CHLORPYRIFOS AND NEEM EXTRACT ON THIRD INSTAR LARVAE OF HOUSE FLIES AND THEIR EFFECT ON FECUNDITY

Islam Dad, Masarrat Jahan Yousuf* and Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.15
ABSTRACT
Two pesticides one from OP compound (Chlorpyrifos) and other from Biopesticides (Neem extract) were applied against 3rd instar larvae of house flies by contact method. LC50 of Chlorpyrifos and Neem extract was calculated as 0.25% for chlorpyrifos and 0.42% for Neem Extract. Treated larvae when succeeded to reach the adult stage, the effects of the mentioned insecticides were noted on fecundity of adults of Musca domestica. Chlorpyrifos delayed egg-laying while Neem extract completely inhibited the egg-laying. Moreover, the treated larvae when succeeded to pupate, they failed to emerge from the pupal case completely and the larvae got heavy melanization after 48 hours of treatment.
Keywords: Neem Extract, Chlorpyrifos, Fecundity, Musca domestica.

Download PDF file :::: Back to Top ↑

 

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2011.07.02.01
Submit to FacebookSubmit to TwitterSubmit to LinkedIn