jtire
Editor’s Choice : Regional Electric-Power Systems Planning and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Management under Uncertainty
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Abstract: In this study, an interval two-stage integer programming model is formulated for planning electric-power systems and managing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions under uncertainty. The developed model can reflect dynamic, interactive, and uncertain characteristics of regional energy systems. Besides, the model can be used for answering questions related to types, times, demands and mitigations of energy systems planning practices, with the objective of minimizing system cost over a long-time planning horizon. The developed model is also applied to a case study of planning CO2-emission mitigation for an electric-power system that involves fossil-fueled and renewable energy sources. Solutions can help generate electricity-generation schemes and capacity-expansion plans under different CO2-mitigation options and electricity-demand levels. Different CO2-emission management policies corresponding to different renewable energy development plans are analyzed. A high system cost will increase renewable energy supply and reduce CO2 emission, while a desire for a low cost will run into risks of a high energy deficiency and a high CO2 emission. Keywords: CO2 emission, electric-power systems, optimization, planning, renewable energy, uncertainty analysis.Download Full Article |
Editor’s Choice : Solvent Isotope Effect on Hydrogen-Transfer Reduction of CO2 into Formate with Glycerine by Alkaline Hydrothermal Reaction
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Abstract: To examine the solvent isotope effect on hydrogen-transfer reduction of CO2 into formate with glycerine by alkaline hydrothermal reaction, intermediates were identified by 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, 2H-NMR, LC-MS analyses. The results showed that (1) CO2 was indeed converted into abiogenic formate; (2) a ketone carbonyl group as intermediate product was formed on hydrogen-transfer reduction of CO2 into formate with glycerine by alkaline hydrothermal reaction; (3) acetol was the most probable intermediate in the first reaction by undergoing a dehydration rather than a dehydrogenation. Keywords: CO2, glycerine, solvent isotope effect, alkaline hydrothermal reaction.Download Full Article |
Editor’s Choice : Wind Power Integration Control Technology for Sustainable, Stable and Smart Trend: A Review
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Abstract: The key to achieve sustainable development of wind power is integration absorptive, involving the generation, transmission, distribution, operation, scheduling plurality of electric production processes. The paper based on the analyses of the situation of wind power development and grid integration requirements for wind power, summarized wind power integration technologies’ development, characteristics, applicability and trends from five aspects, grid mode, control technology, transmission technology, scheduling, and forecasting techniques. And friendly integration, intelligent control, reliable transmission, and accurate prediction would be the major trends of wind power integration, these five aspects interactive and mutually reinforcing would realize common development both grid and wind power, both economic and ecological. Keywords: Wind power, grid integration, grid mode, control technology, transmission technology, scheduling, forecasting techniques.Download Full Article |
Editor’s Choice : Development of a Hydrous Ethanol Fuel Feeding Device for Spark-Ignition Engine
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Abstract: While the Philippine Biofuels Act of 2006 mandates the use of anhydrous bioethanol as blend for gasoline, the potential of hydrous ethanol as an alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines has not been fully realized. This study explored the possibility of using hydrous ethanol as fuel for spark-ignition engines with minimal modifications and without the need for gasoline blend. A fuel feeding device was developed to feed hydrous ethanol fuel into the intake manifold of the engine, bypassing the carburetor. By replacing the components that are not compatible with hydrous ethanol and installing a fuel feeding device developed at PhilRice, two spark-ignition engines were able to run solely on 80-95% hydrous ethanol fuel. The fuel economy was found to be a significant issue in the utilization of hydrous ethanol fuel as there is a 75% increase in fuel consumption when using hydrous ethanol. There is potential for hydrous ethanol to be used as fuel if it can be produced locally and sold at half the pump price of gasoline. Keywords: Hydrous ethanol, fuel feeding device, spark ignition engine.Download Full Article |
