JBAS Articles
JBASV8N2A52-Germination and Seedling Characters of Different Wheat Cultivars under Salinity Stress
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Germination and Seedling Characters of Different Wheat Cultivars under Salinity Stress
A.A. Kandil, A.E. Sharief and M.A. Elokda
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.52
Abstract: The impact of salt stress under different salinity level (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m-1 NaCl) on eleven varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) viz., Sakha 93, Gemmeza 7, Egaseed 7, Sakha 94, Gemmeza 10, Egaseed 3, Masr 2, Masr 1, Gemmeza 9, Sids 1 and Giza 168 was conducted. A laboratory experiment was conducted at Giza Central Seed Testing laboratory of Central Administration for Seed Testing and Certification, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Wheat cultivars significantly varied in means of final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling height reduction and relative dry weight. Sakha 93 and Sakha 94 had positive effects in most of studied characters while, Masr 1 cultivar had negative effects in most of germination parameters under study. Salinity concentrations significantly varied in all germination parameters under study except shoot dry weight character. Increasing salinity concentrations from 0 to 14 dS/m-1 gradually decreased average of germination and seedling characters. All studied characters were significantly affected by the interaction between cultivars and salinity stress, vice versa, root length didn't affect by the interaction. It could be concluded that for maximizing wheat germination percentage and seedling parameters under salinity stress are recognized by using Sakha 93, Sakha 94 and Gemmeza 10 cultivars with increasing salinity concentrations levels up to 14 dS/m-1. Among the cultivars under investigation Sakha 93 and Sakha 94 cultivars appeared to be more tolerant to salinity at germination stage compared with other cultivars. These cultivars were more tolerant to salinity and recommended to use in breeding program for enhancing Wheat production in Egypt.
Keywords: Bread wheat cultivars, salinity concentrations, germination characters, seedling parameters.
JBASV8N2A53-Structural and Dielectric Properties of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Structural and Dielectric Properties of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles
Hashim Farooq, Muhammad Raza Ahmad, Yasir Jamil, Abdul Hafeez, Zeeshan Mahmood and Tahir Mahmood
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.53
Abstract: In this work, Manganese ferrite nanoparticles of various compositions were reproducibly synthesized via coprecipitation route. Variation in structural and dielectric properties was studied by varying the sintering temperature, sintering time and manganese to iron ratio. Structural, compositional and phase properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique which confirmed the pure normal spinel structure with no other phase/impurity. Particle size, Lattice constant, measured bulk density, X-ray density, Specific Surface Area and Porosity were determined by the standard formulae. Responses of Capacitance and Dielectric constant were studied at room temperature in the frequency range of 600Hz to 1MHz by LCR meter which both showed the exponential decay at low frequency while both became nearly independent of frequency in higher frequency ranges.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, spinel structure, coprecipitation, dielectric constant.
JBASV8N2A49- Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Chickpea Cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) under Salinity Stress
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Chickpea Cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) under Salinity Stress
A.A. Kandil, A.E. Sharief and S.R.H. Ahmed
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.49
Abstract: In order to study the response of some Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars i.e. Giza 1, Giza 2, Giza 3, Giza 3, Giza 4, Giza 195, Giza 531, and Chickpea stand1to germination under salinity concentrations i.e. control treatment, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 dSm-1 NaCl and to confirm the seedling growth performance. A laboratory experiment was laid out at Giza Central Seed Testing Laboratory of Central Administration for Seed Certification, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Giza 3 cultivar exceeded other cultivars in germination percentage, germination index, seedling vigor index, shoot length, shoot and root dry weight followed by Giza 1 and Giza 2 cultivars. Giza 2 cultivar recorded highest mean germination time, followed by chickpea stand 1 and Giza 4 cultivars. Giza 195 cultivar exceeded other cultivars in root length and Giza 531 and Giza 1 cultivars surpassed other cultivars in shoot fresh weight. Chickpea stand 1 and Giza 195 cultivars surpassed other cultivars in seedling height reduction and Giza 1, Giza 2, Giza 3, and Giza 4, came in the second rank. However, the lowest percentages of seedling height reduction were obtained from Giza 531 cultivar. Increasing salinity levels from 0 to 20 dSm-1 significantly decreased germination percentage, germination index, seedling vigor index, shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight and relative dry weight. The control treatment recorded highest averages of these characters, vice versa mean germination time and seedling height reduction. Germination index, seedling vigor index, shoot and root length (cm), shoot and root fresh weight (mg), shoot and root dry weight (mg), seedling height reduction % and relative dry weight % significantly affected by the interaction between chickpea cultivars and salinity concentration. Giza 3, Giza 1 and Giza 2 cultivars were more tolerant to salinity and recommended to be used in breeding program for enhancing chickpea cultivation in newly reclaimed soils.
Keywords: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L)., cultivars, salinity stress, germination parameters.
JBASV8N2A50- Seasonal Variations and Characterization of Solid Aerosols Related to Faisalabad (Pakistan) Environment
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Seasonal Variations and Characterization of Solid Aerosols Related to Faisalabad (Pakistan) Environment
Muhammad Attique Khan Shahid, Khadim Hussain and Mariam Saeed Awan
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.50
Abstract: Black solid aerosols were monitored continuously at Faisalabad using Gaussian dispersion model and nucleation model. Data for one year 2006 was analyzed here keeping in view the meteorological and climatological conditions of Faisalabad co-relating them with concentration gradient. Winter has minimum concentration, i.e. equivalent to background level followed by summer (598.80 mg/m3), Moon Soon (2762.00 mg/m3) and finally Post Moon Soon (8863.00 mg/m3). Temperature and pressure gradients both were negative co-relationed with black solid aerosols. These results were not in accordance with other studies, the reason may be the complexity of the Faisalabad environment on account of its geographical, geological and industrial setup confirmed by longitudinal, latitudinal effects and mix plume behavior. A positive co-relationship between biomass burning and seasonal variation i.e. low concentration of particulate matter i.e., 637.30 μg/m3 in summer and high in winter such as 3954 μg/m3.
Keywords: Black solid aerosols, Gaussian dispersion model, meteorological and climatological conditions, Temperature and pressure gradients, complexity of the Faisalabad environment.
