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Abstract: Feasibility of a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Examining Interventions for Abused Persons with Intellectual Disabilities
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Abstract: Japan implemented new legislation to prevent the abuse of persons with disabilities on Oct 1, 2012. Many specialists from various domains participated in the development of interventions to prevent such abuse. Here, we conducted a pilot analysis to examine the cost of such interventions and to explore differences in resources. In particular, we compared resources for the assistance of victims with intellectual disabilities with those for the assistance of victims with other disabilities. We requested the enrollment of the anonymous case records of 16 local governments. Thirteen municipal/certified centres reported 41 cases, including 42 victims. Of them, 27 victims had intellectual disabilities. We calculated both the time and human/social resources consumed per case until the resolution of the case. Although the median length of time from the start of the intervention until the solution of the claimed crisis seemed longer in cases abused by their families, an analysis of 22 familial cases did not reveal a significant relationship between the type of disability and the resource. Although the existence of intellectual disabilities did not seem to impact the resource, our method of analysis worked well. The accumulation of more cases is warranted. Keywords: Abuse, intellectual disabilities, intervention, legislation.
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Abstract: Robust Screening and Cascade Testing for Fragile X Expansions in a Large Multigenerational Family Identify Many Affected Individuals: An Experience in the Remote Area of Indonesia
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Abstract: Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common known inherited form of intellectual disability (ID), caused by a CGG repeat expansion of the FMR1 gene. The aimed of the study was to screen FMR1 mutation among the ID population followed by cascade testing in a remote area. A PCR-based method was used to screen FMR1 expanded alleles using dried blood spot cards in Flores Island, one of the very remote areas in East Indonesia. The screening included 130 males and 81 females from three schools of children with ID. The screening identified three individuals with expanded alleles including two full mutation males and one premutation male. No expanded allele was detected in females. A second blood sample for confirmatory diagnosis was done using Southern blot. Cascade testing in a remote area of Indonesia found a multigenerational family with a large number of cases with FXS. FXS screening of ID populations followed by cascade testing in positive FXS family in a remote area with challenging accessibility is recommended. Keywords: Dried blood spot testing, screening, fragile X syndrome.
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Abstract: Comparison of Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Reducing Depression symptoms and Increasing Happiness of Iranian adolescent Girl Students
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Abstract: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing depression symptoms and increasing happiness of Iranian adolescent girls in Shiraz-Iran in 2017-2018 educational year. The research method was quasi- Experimental with assessing participants with pre -Test, Post-Test plans and control group. The Statistical population of this study consisted of 45 adolescent girl Students- between 13-17 years old - who were referred to the school’s student counselling centres because of their poor mental well being. They were selected by convenient sampling method and then they were randomly divided into three groups of 15 participants (two experimental groups and one control group). The Depression and Happiness variables were assessed by using Beck’s Depression Inventory (1996) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989) respectively. Commitment Therapy Package was implemented for 8 sessions and Cognitive-Behavioral Package was implemented for 10 sessions for each Experimental groups separately. The Data were analysed by using SPSS24 software and analysis of multivariate covariance (MANCOVA). The results of this study suggested that both ACT and CBT Therapy approach had an acceptable effect on reducing Depression and increasing Happiness in Adolescent girls (p<0.05). However, the ACT had more influence on decreasing depression symptoms (1.56 %) and enhancing happiness (4.4. %) in participants outcomes in comparison with CBT method. Thus, it seems that ACT is a more effective intervention approach in this regard. Keywords: Acceptance-Commitment Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Depression, Happiness, Adolescent Girls.
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Abstract: The Role of Impulsive Behavior in Predicting the Emotional/ Behavioral Problems of Adults with Intellectual Disability
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Abstract: The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of impulsive behavior in the prediction of the emotional/behavioral problems of adults with intellectual disability (ID). The statistical population included all adults with ID who were being trained in vocational rehabilitation centers, supported by the State Welfare Organization of Iran and the educational organization for children with special needs, in Shahrekord, Iran, in 2017-2018. The sample consisted of 134 adults with ID, selected through convenience sampling. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11) was used for measuring the impulsive behavior and The Developmental Behavior Checklist for Adults was used for measuring the emotional and behavioral problems. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression. The results showed that impulsive behavior was a positive and significant predictor for emotional/behavioral problems and its subscales (P<0.01). Impulsive behaviors could predict emotional/behavioral problems such as self-absorbed problems, disruptive problems, antisocial problems, depressive problems, communication and anxiety disturbance and social relating problems. Therefore, designing and implementing preventive and interventional programs to improve the impulsive behavior of adults with ID appears to be necessary to reduce their emotional/behavioral problems. Keywords: Impulsive behavior, emotional/behavioral problems, adults, intellectual disability.
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