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Abstract : An Initial Tidal Power Resource Estimation at Jhari Creek of Indus Delta, Sindh, Pakistan
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Abstract: Energy crisis in Pakistan is one of the severe challenges the country is facing today. Electricity is essential part of our daily life and its shortage has severely affected the economy and the other segments of society. This shortfall of electricity is increasing day by day and situation becomes worst especially in summer. The energy crisis are caused due to disproportionate dependence on non-renewable energy resources. The most effective solution that has been found to overcome such crisis is the use of tidal energy, because tidal energy has a significant advantage over many other forms of renewable energy as it is almost perfectly predicted over long time horizons. Therefore, first time an attempt has been made to estimate the tidal energy resources at Jhari creek of Indus Delta, Sindh, Pakistan. For this purpose real time tidal data is acquired from Pakistan Navy and tidal resources are estimated. Potential power density is calculated for the duration of four months May-August 2013 and found that highest potential mean spring power density was observed in June 2013 that was 1.67 W/m2. Keywords: Tidal energy, harmonic constituents, tidal range, power density and creek. |
Abstract : Comparison of Stapler, Single Layer and Double Layer Techniques for Colon Closure in Dogs
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Abstract: The present study was performed on 18 healthy dogs (aged 16.80±1.22 months) and body weight (17.07± 2.21 kg) to determine the best suturing technique among single layer, double layer and stapler technique for the closure of colon in dogs. All dog were divided into three groups, placing 6 animals in each group, i.e. group A was closed with single layer suture technique, group B was closed with double layer suture technique and group C was closed with stapler technique. The number of stitches required for colon closure were 8.83, 16.33 and 9.16 in groups –A, B and C respectively. The mean number of stitches and time taken for the completion of double layer technique was significantly higher (P<0.01) than single layer and stapler techniques. The mean of total duration of abdominal closure was 47.00, 45.16 and 34.83 minutes in group A, B and C respectively. The mean of total duration for surgery was 57.16, 64.50 and 46.33 minutes in group A, B and C respectively..The study reveals that all the techniques were not completely free from complications and advantages. Although stapler technique had some advantages like minimal adhesion between anastomotic line and other structures, higher bursting wall tension at operated site and less duration required for closure of anastomosis. It is concluded that stapler technique used in this study proved better than single layer and double layer suture techniques in dogs. Keywords: Comparison, Stapler, Techniques, Colon, Dogs. |
Abstract : Heritability Estimates for Some Growth Traits of Dhatti Camel Breed in Tharparkar
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Abstract: The present study was performed on 18 healthy dogs (aged 16.80±1.22 months) and body weight (17.07± 2.21 kg) to determine the best suturing technique among single layer, double layer and stapler technique for the closure of colon in dogs. All dog were divided into three groups, placing 6 animals in each group, i.e. group A was closed with single layer suture technique, group B was closed with double layer suture technique and group C was closed with stapler technique. The number of stitches required for colon closure were 8.83, 16.33 and 9.16 in groups –A, B and C respectively. The mean number of stitches and time taken for the completion of double layer technique was significantly higher (P<0.01) than single layer and stapler techniques. The mean of total duration of abdominal closure was 47.00, 45.16 and 34.83 minutes in group A, B and C respectively. The mean of total duration for surgery was 57.16, 64.50 and 46.33 minutes in group A, B and C respectively..The study reveals that all the techniques were not completely free from complications and advantages. Although stapler technique had some advantages like minimal adhesion between anastomotic line and other structures, higher bursting wall tension at operated site and less duration required for closure of anastomosis. It is concluded that stapler technique used in this study proved better than single layer and double layer suture techniques in dogs. Keywords: Comparison, Stapler, Techniques, Colon, Dogs. |
Abstract : Prioritizing Factors of Entrepreneurial University to Inculcate Enterprise Formation Pursuit Among University Graduates Using Analytical Hierarchical Process
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Abstract: The objective of this paper is to prioritize entrepreneurial activities in higher education institutions to inculcate enterprise development pursuit among university graduates. Various phases of enterprise development process are determined along with prominent activities of entrepreneurial universities through literature review. Problem formulation is done by structuring goal, objectives and alternatives into a hierarchical model in order to prioritize factors with the help of Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). Experts of academic entrepreneurship are approached for pairwise comparison of factors on the preference scale of nine levels with the help of software tool Expert Choice 11. After recording judgments, preferences of all experts are combined in order to get overall priorities of objectives and alternatives. Results show that Internal Motivation has highest and Business Growth and Sustainability have lowest priority along with priorities of all other objectives of enterprise formation process falling between both. Moreover, University Incubation Center is prioritized among alternatives in order to achieve objectives. Sensitivity analysis of results is carried out with the help of Expert Choice in which weight of a single objective is varied to observe effect on hierarchical model. Research presents a complete picture to academicians and policy makers to determine role of universities for entrepreneurship development in country. It will also help government officials to allocate resources in a prioritized way in order to achieve specific objectives. . Keywords: Enterprise Formation Process, Internal Motivation, Analytical Hierarchical Process, Entrepreneurial University, Expert Choice. |
