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Abstract : Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of Allium Vegetables
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Abstract: Allium vegetables are highly nutritional, its dietary use improves digestion and mental health and lower down cholesterol level. Use of onions, garlic, scallions, chives and leeks show therapeutic efficacy against cardiovascular disease, hyperglycemia, and stomach cancer, Onions contain allylsulfides and flavonoids particularly quercetin that is an important anti-oxidative and reduces hepatocytes apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Steroid saponins and sapogenins present in garlic bulbs are used to prepare soft soaps. β-chlorogenin is a characteristic steroid sapogenin from garlic that is used for skin ointment and as a shiner. Both garlic paste and soft garlic preparations are used for flavoring the food items. Garlic products that contain the most safe, effective, stable, and odorless components are the most valuable as dietary supplements. Garlic also contains non sulfur compounds such as steroid saponins. Alliums showed antimicrobial, antithrombotic, antitumor, anti-hyperlipidaemic, antiarthritic, anti-hyperglycemic anticarcinogenic potential. Allium vegetables contain organosulfur compounds, including DATS, diallyl disulfide (DADS), ajoene, and S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), have been found to induce cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Alliums have great ethnomedicinal importance as these are used as native remedies against wide spectrum of diseases including diabetes.Allium origin natural products are of great therapeutic and dietary use. These are most preferred items used by nutritionists, physicians, food technologists, food chemists. Green allium vegetables are good source of natural pharmaceutics which are good for health and act against nutritionally induced acute and chronic diseases. Their possible inclusion in diets could explore new therapeutic avenues to enhance immunity against diseases. Keywords: Allium vegetables, antioxidant, cytotoxic, polyphenols, allicin, quercetin. |
Abstract : Low-Molecular Weight Cow Colostrum Components in Functional Nutrition
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Abstract:Background: The concept of functional nutrition has been actively developed in recent years. LMWCC contains biologically active compounds of natural origin and can be promising components of functional nutrition. Methods: Wistar rats (intact, rats with Cu-induced toxicosis and rats with Cu-induced toxicosis, who received LMWCC per os in different doses of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1, 2, 3 mg / 100 g of body weight of the animal). The effect of low-molecular weight components of cow colostrum (LMWCC) have been studied on the some physiological and biochemical parameters (body weight, temperature, ability to perform work, activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, cholesterol, triacylglycerides, creatinine, albumin, gamma-glutamyltransferase and lipid hydroperoxides) in experimental animals with Cu -induced toxicosis. Results: It was found that LMWCC in small doses (0.05-0.1 mg / 100 g of weight) restored the growth rate, body temperature and partially working capacity in the test "swimming with a load" of animals with Cu-induced toxicosis. Restoration of physiological parameters in animals with Cu-induced toxemia correlated with activation of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and a decrease in serum hydroperoxides in blood serum. It was suggested that LMWCC can be promising components of functional nutrition for various toxicoses. Conclusions: LMWCC has antioxidant properties in relatively small doses (0.05-0.1 mg / 100 g of weight). Restoration of the physiological characteristics of animals with Cu-induced toxicosis correlates with the elimination of oxidative stress. Large doses of 1 mg / 100 g of body weight and more manifest pro-oxidant properties. Keywords:Pro-antioxidant system, Cu-induced toxicosis, liver. |
Abstract : Thinness among the Rural Primary School Children of Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, Hooghly District, West Bengal, India
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Abstract:Background: Primary school age is a dynamic period of physical growth and mental development of the child. Research indicates that nutritional deficiencies and poor health in primary school age children are among the causes of low school enrolment, high absenteeism, early dropout and poor classroom performance. Chronic undernutrition is linked to slower cognitive development and serious health impairments later in life that reduce the quality of life. The thinness (low BMI for age) may be one of the tool to measure the level of undernutrition. Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the different grades of thinness by using age and sex specific cut off values based on body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at Bali-Gram Panchayat, Arambagh, West Bengal, India. The data were collected from 618 rural Bengalee primary school children comprising of both boys (304) and girls (314) within the age group 5-11 years. The measurements (height in cm. and weight in kg) were taken following standard methods Thinness was evaluated using the age and sex specific cut-off points of BMI. Results: The overall (age combined) prevalence of thinness among the boys was slightly higher (83.2%) in comparison to the prevalence of thinness among the girls (81.5%). The prevalence of thinness was higher in case of lower age group children among both boys and girls and it gradually decreases with the increase of age. The rate of grade III thinness (30.5%) was greater among the girls than others while among the boys it was higher in grade I (32.9%) category. It indicates the severity of thinness was much more among the girls than the boys. Although there was no significant sex difference between the two sexes. Conclusion: The prevalence of undernutrition as measured by thinness was significantly higher than the national level scenario. In spite of the Mid Day Meal scheme which is running for more than 20 years, the result is dissatisfactory. The competent authority should look into the matter seriously for better nutritional and health condition of the children. Keywords:Rural, Primary school children, BMI, thinness, undernutrition, India. |
Abstract : Deficiencies in Nutritional Intake in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers
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Abstract: Aims: This study examined the dietary and anthropometric components of diabetic patients with or without diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Methods: Eighty-two adult subjects were recruited in Tallahassee, FL (USA) and categorized into one of three groups: subjects without diabetes, patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) but not foot ulcers, and patients with DFU. Twenty-four hour food recalls, foot ulcer history and blood samples were collected from each subject. Dietary intake was evaluated with Food Processor. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured with ELISA kits. Results: DFU subjects in this study were mostly overweight or obese. DFU had inadequate intakes in protein, fiber, vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, C, D, and E; calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, and zinc. They had excessive intakes in saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium. Conclusions: Malnutrition is very common in the DM and DFU subjects. Protein and vitamin supplementation may be beneficial in prevention and management of DM as well as DFU. Keywords: Diabetes, Diabetic Foot, Wounds, Nutrition, Malnutrition, Protein.Download Full Article |
