JBAS Articles
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Seasonal Variations and Characterization of Solid Aerosols Related to Faisalabad (Pakistan) Environment
Muhammad Attique Khan Shahid, Khadim Hussain and Mariam Saeed Awan
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.50
Abstract: Black solid aerosols were monitored continuously at Faisalabad using Gaussian dispersion model and nucleation model. Data for one year 2006 was analyzed here keeping in view the meteorological and climatological conditions of Faisalabad co-relating them with concentration gradient. Winter has minimum concentration, i.e. equivalent to background level followed by summer (598.80 mg/m3), Moon Soon (2762.00 mg/m3) and finally Post Moon Soon (8863.00 mg/m3). Temperature and pressure gradients both were negative co-relationed with black solid aerosols. These results were not in accordance with other studies, the reason may be the complexity of the Faisalabad environment on account of its geographical, geological and industrial setup confirmed by longitudinal, latitudinal effects and mix plume behavior. A positive co-relationship between biomass burning and seasonal variation i.e. low concentration of particulate matter i.e., 637.30 μg/m3 in summer and high in winter such as 3954 μg/m3.
Keywords: Black solid aerosols, Gaussian dispersion model, meteorological and climatological conditions, Temperature and pressure gradients, complexity of the Faisalabad environment.
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Gamma Radiation Effect on Commercial Reactive Dye in the Range 0-100KGy Using the Idea of the De-Coloration Factor and Extinction Coefficient.
Taqmeem Hussain, Muhammad Attique Khan Shahid, Muhammad Shahbaz, Inam-ul-Haq and Hashim Farooq
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.51
Abstract: In this study the usability of aqueous solutions of SR C4BLN and SGY CRL dyes; as secondary dosimeter was checked using the novel idea of de-coloration factor and extinction coefficient. All samples were irradiated by Co60 γ-source in the range 0-105Gy. Absorbance of solutions was noted at λmax for pre and post irradiation stages. The λmax of Red and Yellow dyes were 545nm and 448nm respectively. The absorbance%, extinction coefficient and %age of de-coloration factor for each dye were determined. The results showed a gradual decrease in Absorbance% and extinction coefficient while decrease in %age of de-coloration factor with the increase in absorbed dose which confirms the said dyes as secondary dosimeter in stable and safe mode.
Keywords: Chemical dosimeters, SR C4BLN, SGY CRL, dosimetry, Absorbance %age, extinction coefficient, de-coloration factor.
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Structural and Dielectric Properties of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles
Hashim Farooq, Muhammad Raza Ahmad, Yasir Jamil, Abdul Hafeez, Zeeshan Mahmood and Tahir Mahmood
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.53
Abstract: In this work, Manganese ferrite nanoparticles of various compositions were reproducibly synthesized via coprecipitation route. Variation in structural and dielectric properties was studied by varying the sintering temperature, sintering time and manganese to iron ratio. Structural, compositional and phase properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique which confirmed the pure normal spinel structure with no other phase/impurity. Particle size, Lattice constant, measured bulk density, X-ray density, Specific Surface Area and Porosity were determined by the standard formulae. Responses of Capacitance and Dielectric constant were studied at room temperature in the frequency range of 600Hz to 1MHz by LCR meter which both showed the exponential decay at low frequency while both became nearly independent of frequency in higher frequency ranges.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, spinel structure, coprecipitation, dielectric constant.
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Germination and Seedling Characters of Different Wheat Cultivars under Salinity Stress
A.A. Kandil, A.E. Sharief and M.A. Elokda
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.52
Abstract: The impact of salt stress under different salinity level (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m-1 NaCl) on eleven varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) viz., Sakha 93, Gemmeza 7, Egaseed 7, Sakha 94, Gemmeza 10, Egaseed 3, Masr 2, Masr 1, Gemmeza 9, Sids 1 and Giza 168 was conducted. A laboratory experiment was conducted at Giza Central Seed Testing laboratory of Central Administration for Seed Testing and Certification, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Wheat cultivars significantly varied in means of final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling height reduction and relative dry weight. Sakha 93 and Sakha 94 had positive effects in most of studied characters while, Masr 1 cultivar had negative effects in most of germination parameters under study. Salinity concentrations significantly varied in all germination parameters under study except shoot dry weight character. Increasing salinity concentrations from 0 to 14 dS/m-1 gradually decreased average of germination and seedling characters. All studied characters were significantly affected by the interaction between cultivars and salinity stress, vice versa, root length didn't affect by the interaction. It could be concluded that for maximizing wheat germination percentage and seedling parameters under salinity stress are recognized by using Sakha 93, Sakha 94 and Gemmeza 10 cultivars with increasing salinity concentrations levels up to 14 dS/m-1. Among the cultivars under investigation Sakha 93 and Sakha 94 cultivars appeared to be more tolerant to salinity at germination stage compared with other cultivars. These cultivars were more tolerant to salinity and recommended to use in breeding program for enhancing Wheat production in Egypt.
Keywords: Bread wheat cultivars, salinity concentrations, germination characters, seedling parameters.
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences - Volume 8 Number 2
Screening and Characterization of Luminescent Bacterial Strain
Uzma Badar, Erum Shoeb, Komal Daredia, Durr-e-Shawar, Jameela Akhtar and Maqsood A. Ansari
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.54
Abstract: Several samples of sea water and sea organisms were collected for the isolation of luminescent bacterial strain. The samples were collected from Clifton, Hawksbay, fisheri at Landhi and Jeti at Korangi, Karachi, Pakistan, the sea organisms such as Crab, Prawn, Fish, Eel, Fish Gut, Electric Fish were collected. Three different media were used for enrichment of samples that is BOSS, Luminescent Agar (LA) and nutrient broth. A total of twenty one different bacterial strains were selected for further studies on the basis of different colonial morphologies. They were designated as DGU101 to DGU116, DGU221-DGU224 and DGU227. These strains were checked for luminescent and tolerance against antibiotics and heavy metal salts. Only one strain isolated from sea water (Clifton beach) designated as DGU227 showed luminescent on Luminescent Agar (LA) medium. It also exhibited multiple metal and antibiotic resistances. The two large plasmids were isolated from DGU227 which were more than 10 kb in size. The luminescence, growth, quorum sensing phenomenon of bioluminescent bacteria is affected by the presence of metal and antibiotics in environment, which act as inducer, and substrate in activating and enhancing these natural activities. Mostly Luminescent was observed after 24 hours of incubation it enhanced while growing in presence of antibiotic Ampicillin. The strain DGU227 was further identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis and exhibited 98% homology with Vibrio chigassi bacterial strain.
Keywords: Bacteria, luminescent, metal resistance, antibiotic resistance, plasmid, Vibrio chigassi.