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Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and study the common mental health problems presented by detainees in police custody as well their demographic characteristics. This would help to create awareness and sensitise health care practitioners working in custody, as well as custody staff towards early recognition and detection of cases, which should facilitate the health promotion and psycho social education of detainees and reduce the overall clinical risk in custody. Design/Methodology: The 'anonymised custody records' of a random sample of two hundred and fifty eight detainees in police custody as well as the Forensic Medical practitioners contemporaneous notes including 'direct clinical interviews 'were examined. Data was collected from the Risk assessment record completed by the custody officers and record of medical assessment by forensic Medical Examiners using a 'Standard Questionnaire format ‘. Data then was analysed. Findings: Detainees admitted into custody experienced a wide range of mental health problems.The most common mental health problems seen in detainees during the period of study were, substance misuse, depression, self-harm, anxiety disorder, epilepsy and schizophrenia in that order. Other conditions were identified such as Learning disabilities. The sex distribution was Male (83%) and Female (17%). In terms of age distribution most of the detainees were in the age range 20-41 (67.5%) for both sexes. The female detainees tend to be older compared to males.Heroin use was the most prevalent drug of abuse in custody. Some of the most common medications prescribed for detainees are Methadone, Mirtazapine, Citalopram, Diazepam, Sorbutex, sodium valproate and Thiamine. Originality/Value: The findings from this study would help to further identify and bring awareness to the common mental health problems encountered in detainees in police custody. It would help to reduce clinical risks and facilitate a safer detention in custody. It would also help to address the issue of the limited availability of data regarding the mental health of detainees. Keywords: Detainees, police, custody, mental health, risk, forensic medical examiner, drugs and alcohol. |
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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the aggressiveness which is expressed by infants in kindergarten and is manifested as school bullying. More specifically, this paper is aiming in recording main bibliographic references of non verbal and vocal expression of preschoolers in anger situations and how those references are substantiated through surveys. Bibliography claims that school bullying does not occur unexpectedly, but instead there are apparent signs in behavior of preschoolers, that can be prevented before they occur. Throughout this paper however, what is in parallel aimed is the recording of the reasons that positively contribute to the expression of aggressive behavior in preschoolers. In this way, knowing the reason of causing an attitude, it could become easier and more efficient to prevent and efface that attitude. Many researchers conclude that parents and teachers have to cooperate and constantly communicate each other in order to significantly help preschoolers who, appear (show) aggressive behavior, to change its (their) behavior for the rest of their lives. Conclusions like that are under a new review in present study. Keywords: Bullying, aggressiveness, preschoolers, vocal, non verbal expression of anger. |
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Abstract: The purpose of the article is to study the shadow economy assessment methodology. This article presents a comprehensive study of the parameters of a shadow economy, considers its essence, and defines its terminology. This study outlines the historical approach to the development of the shadow economy, both in Russia and worldwide, and gives a brief analysis of the economy of the Republic of Sakha. The authors examined the specifics of the statistical methods applied in assessing various structural elements of a shadow economy and measured and assessed the shadow economy in this region. The research conducted enabled the authors to formulate the main measures required to reduce the shadow economy. The scientific novelty is justified by the research results, which included studying and summarizing a wide range of published and unpublished materials, the examination of the initial and transitional periods of the shadow economy development in Yakutia. The article reveals the main causes and conditions that lead to the formation of the shadow economy in various sectors of the Yakutia economy. The solutions and suggestions proposed in the article are aimed at reducing the shadow economy parameters. The scientific research results are of theoretical and applied importance for public administration and authorities to improve the effectiveness of the fight against the shadow economy manifestations. Keywords: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Interaction of the shadow and legal economy, Shadow economy, Corruption, Law, Real GDP, Methods of measuring the shadow economy, shadow economy dynamics. |
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Abstract: The article deals with the specific character of modern engineering education, its meaning seen by the authors as the development of a competent specialist, who is well aware of complex socio-cultural circumstances, responsible and able to act professionally in the rapidly changing environment of science and industry. Such specialist is the bearer of personal and professional culture, being a special type of mental activity arrangement, which manifests itself and finds realization in the professional functioning, which embodies various apprehended, adopted, reproduced and newly elaborated patterns of culture. The paper aims at specifying the concept of “personal and professional culture of an engineer” from the viewpoint of a qualitative characteristic of consciousness and vital activity and behavior. In this study, the authors for the first time structurally characterize this concept by its reasonable analysis in the unity of all such components as general culture, communicative culture, information-methodological culture, culture of personal improvement, professional competence, culture of thinking and creative qualities. The discussion substantiates the technology of effective social and natural interaction, contributing to the development of a cultural-like techno sphere, which encourages self-realization of an engineer in his activity as a special area of culture (to carry out his assignment), and therefore can be the equivalent of his social dignity. Personal and professional culture is studied as a special qualitative characteristic of human consciousness and life, reflecting the attained level and character of the development of professionally significant personal qualities of the specialist, representing the system of his values and emotional attitudes, which affect the efficiency of his engineering activities. The authors suggest its integrative model with invariant indicators. Keywords: Personal and professional culture, engineering education, engineer’s professional behavior, general culture, professional competence. |
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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to show and analyze suspected abuse of power by hospital administrators in North Sumatra with public officials, in this case the bureaucrats in the Ministry of Environment of West Sumatra Region, carrying out hazardous medical waste out of place according to environmental science regulations, so that it occurs environmental damage. This research approach method is a qualitative method. Creswell defines a qualitative method as a research method that is based on the perspective of constructivism, namely various meanings, meanings that are socially and historically constructed with a view to developing a theory or pattern. Researchers collect data that is open-ended and developing, with the aim of developing a theme from the data obtained. The data collection technique is carried out by literature study of primary and secondary and tertiary legal materials. Environmental regulation analysis techniques, with analysis using the theory of abuse of power. So that researchers draw conclusions deductively, and provide recommendations or suggestions according to research objectives The results found here were that the actors of the management of hospital medical waste disposal were not in accordance with hospital regulations and environmental regulations. Suggestions are provided by researchers for environmental crime prevention in an effort to prevent and tackle environmental destruction. Keywords: Regulatory Deviation, Medical Waste, Hospital, Abuse of Power, Environmental Damage. |