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Abstract: This study explores the challenges of forensic technology in responding to Identity Document (ID) theft as an approach used by the South African Police Service (SAPS) in the Polokwane policing area. This study further evaluates the availability of technological and conventional resources to respond to this scourge, as well as the capabilities of the SAPS to utilise the available [lack of forensic technology] resources to respond best to ID theft. This was done by analysing preventative measures, associated with these challenges, as faced by SAPS and other relevant stakeholders on responding to this crime in the Polokwane Central Business District (CBD), Bendor Park, and Flora Park, coupled with the number of stores situated in the business sectors of these selected areas. For this study, the researchers adopted a quantitative research approach with 90 respondents in the identified areas. This study established that the secretive nature of ID theft makes it difficult for the relevant stakeholders (Not limited to the local SAPS, Businesses, and Public members as presented by this study) to effectively respond to this scourge. Negatively, the forefront gatekeepers to respond to this crime are mainly SAPS Constables with less training to investigates ID theft properly. Thus, find themselves being more reactive than proactive, which contributes to the difficulty of locating potential perpetrators in the process of conventional investigations applications. Furthermore, ID thieves utilise advanced technological resources (I.e. Computer hacking software), as opposed to SAPS which does not have systems nor capacity to effectively respond to this crime. The limited resources at the disposal of SAPS also renders its effort in responding to this crime inadequate. For recommendations; significant emphases should be directed on the promotion of public awareness through public education for the use of forensic technology as an investigative and identification tool of responding to ID theft. The intensive training of SAPS officials and inter-governmental corroboration between SAPS, Department of Home Affairs (DHA), and other relevant stakeholders in understanding this technology are highly advised. Keywords: Challenges, Forensic technology, Identity Document theft, Preventative measures, South African Police Service, South Africa, Victims. |
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Abstract: In this paper, using the example of two scenes, they showed that it is possible to perceive the depth and spatial perspective of painting images (and other static scenes) without the condition of binocular disparity (hereinafter referred to as the 3D phenomenon). To study the 3D phenomenon, eye movement is recorded. The students of the Institute of Physics at Kazan Federal University and an experienced researcher of the 3D phenomenon, the author and the developer of the working methodology took part in the surveys on eye movement record. To identify the perception of spatial perspective, 3D raster images are used mounted on the same static stimulus scenes (pictures). The first plot includes obtaining information on eye movement in the conditions of perception of two paintings with the elements of a monocular perspective of images. Histograms show that students perceive the perspective of the pictures displayed on the monitor screen. In two scenes presented, eye focusing occurs outside the plane of stimulus images. When students demonstrate a monitor screen with text and a white sheet of the histogram, they show that the focus planes are located between the screen and the students' eyes. Keywords: Eye Movement, Binocular Eye Tracker, Disparity, Binocular Depth Perception. |
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Abstract: The article shows the factoring application feature analysis in Russia. Factoring represents a range of services for manufacturers and suppliers who conduct trading activities on a deferred payment basis, and it is currently one of the fastest growing financial services. In its development, Russian factoring has avoided crises and everything that many other sectors of the Russian economy have suffered from. In particular, the article revealed that in recent years the market has grown due to the seriously increased interest of banks - in a crisis, factoring is the least risky product, and players began to actively promote it. The article describes the advantage of factoring over a close financial service - a loan. In addition, directions for the factoring development in the Russian economy were also formulated. In Russia, factoring has only recently begun to actively develop and become successful among organizations engaged in trading. As for foreign experience, the use of factoring is growing rapidly in Western Europe, the USA and Asia. Also in this research we have analyzed the dynamics of factoring services in Russia for the period from 2010 to 2018. Despite the problems and shortcomings of this financial instrument, it has development prospects that are connected with the stabilization of external economic factors, the exchange rate and increasing of the resource provision of financial institutions. Keywords: Factoring, factoring service, recourse factoring, factoring market, financing of working capital. |
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Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that all types of competitive relations should be affected in the formation of business development programs and be based on the adoption of appropriate decisions by all parties of economic relations. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that each of the participants in economic relations in some cases cannot receive concomitant protection, which is based on equal access to the functions and organs of justice, which are provided by public authorities as carriers of justice. The practical significance of the study is determined by ensuring fair competition to form the prerequisites for the development of the social environment. Keywords: Justice, economics, attitude, equality, competition. |
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Abstract: This paper discusses the problem of identifying factors and determinants of the political participation of ethnic groups in politics. Analysis of scientific literature allows us to identify several approaches to solving this problem. Some people view the political participation as an activity by which individuals try to influence the government through ethnic groups so that it takes the actions they want. This impact on the processes of political decision-making and the implementation of political programs related to them. Others believe that the driver of political activity is the need for internal improvement of an individual, when political participation contributes to their full functioning in the life of the state and gives them a sense of involvement in political processes. A comprehensive approach to determining the essence of the political participation of ethnic groups will be justified, according to which the institution of political participation is a multifaceted sociocultural phenomenon that affects many aspects of the socio-political dynamics of modern society. In accordance with this approach, political participation is equally manifested in both democratic and non-democratic political regimes; at the same time, the trigger of political mobilization can be not only the impact of political leaders, but also their own need for people to actively participate in political processes. Keywords: Neoinstitutionalism, Political Participation, Social Groups, Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Interests, Mobilization. |