jpans
Abstract : Effect of Drinking Ration with Reduced Deuterium Content on Brain Tissue Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Rats with Acute Hypoxia Model
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Abstract: The aim was to investigate prooxidant-antioxidant system in the blood and brain homogenates functional activity in rats with acute hypoxia model with different deuterium/protium (D/H) ratios in drinking diet. Studies have shown that consuming DDW (–665 ‰) within 8 weeks lead to deuterium concentration decrease in blood plasma at 317 ‰ and brain at 209 ‰ of rats, in comparison to control group, consuming natural water. DDW consumption before hypoxia modeling in rats improves antioxidant defense enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) activity in the blood, increasing its antioxidant potential by 20 %, while free radical oxidation intensity in plasma and biomolecules peroxide modification rate in erythrocytes. Also, in brain tissues consuming DDW, there were no abnormalities in catalase, superoxide dismutase activity, and it was noted increase (by 71 %) in reduced thiol-containing compounds concentration, which reduces nerve hypoxiс cell damage risk. Neuroprotective effect presence is confirmed by higher (by 32 %) antioxidant activity markers of lyophilized brain tissues, and by free radical oxidation lower intensity (by 13 %) and biomolecules oxidative modification rate (by 16 %) in these lyophilized tissues. Thus, the advisability of using DDW neuroprotective effects in cerebral circulation disturbance in experimental and clinical practice. Keywords: ddw, hypoxia, brain, catalase, SOD. |
Abstract : Primer Design Using Polymerase Chain Reaction for SNPs Analysis in SLC22A1 rs622342 Encoding OCT1 as Metformin Main Transporter
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Abstract: Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1) is the primary transporter of metformin mainly located in hepatocytes, which plays an important role in metformin action to inhibit gluconeogenesis so as to reduce blood glucose. Genetic polymorphism of SLC22A1 that encodes OCT1, one of which is rs622342, has been widely reported and proven to decrease the antidiabetic effect of metformin. This study aimed to design primers and to obtain an optimum condition for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process that can detect the genetic polymorphism of SLC22A1 rs622342. Primers were computationally designed in primer 3 webpage and analyzed with Primer BLAST and Oligo Analyzer. Optimization of PCR condition was conducted for temperatures of denaturation, annealing, and elongation as well as for the number of cycles in PCR process. Sensitivity test was performed on PCR condition using a variety of volumes and DNA template qualities undergoing multiple freeze-thaw cycles. The obtained pair, forward primer (5’- CAG AGA GAA TCA GTG AGC TGT G-3’) and reverse primer (5’- CCC AGG CTG GTC TTT TTA AG-3’), was proven to be capable of amplifying DNA sequence containing SNPs in rs622342 at 96°C denaturation, 60°C annealing, and 72°C elongation temperatures with a 30-cycle iteration. Such PCR condition could amplify DNA with 0.2 µL of template volume and 7 freeze-thaw cycles. Therefore, in addition to the selected primer pairs and PCR condition to analyze SNPs in rs622342, this study also recommends that the volume of DNA template having undergone multiple freeze-thawing be increased if the amplicon PCR products are unqualified. Keywords: Metformin, PCR, Primer design, OCT1, rs622342. |
Abstract : Antioxidant Activity and other Physicochemical Characteristics of Different Propolis Extracts
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Abstract: This study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of three different extracts of propolis (Ethanolic 50%, methanolic 100% and aqueous extracts) with some of their physicochemical aspects. Ethanolic extract was analyzed by LC-MS, while the methanolic extract was analyzed by GC-MS in order to screen polyphenols and volatile compounds in the sample, the identity of these components were achieved by means of comparing their mass spectra with previous published studies. Forrier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted on the methanolic extract and crude propolis samples to gain an overview of some physical characteristics. The antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by DPPH scavenging ability and FRAP assay. LC-MS and GC-MS allowed the identification of 19 phenolic and 17 volatile compounds. The most abundant phenolics found in our sample correspond with p-Coumaric benzyl ester, Pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, Caffeic acid benzyl ester and pinocembrin, as they showed the highest peaks in the total ion chromatogram (TIC). In addition, the most abundant volatile compounds showed a high level of agreement with δ-Cadinene and γ- Terpinen.Furthermore, Ethanol 50% extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity, which has a significant correlation with its high polyphenolic content. Keywords: Propolis, antioxidant, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Folin-Ciocalteu. |
Abstract : Antihyperglicemic and Antioxidant Potential of Aloe vera Juice Supplementation in the Type-II Diabetic Rats Model
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Abstract: To evaluate the potential effects of Aloe vera supplementation on blood glucose and antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione peroxidase, GPx; Superoxide dismutase, SOD) as well as lipid peroxides (Malondialdehyde, MDA) in the kidneys of experimental type-II Diabetic rats model. This was an experimental study with post-test only control group study design. Type-II diabetes rats were induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, ip) and nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, ip) to Wistar rats. The diabetic rats were randomized into three groups, as follows: (i) Diabetic control rats (received CMC-Na 1 % vehicle only); (ii). Diabetic rats received glibenclamide 0,18 mg/200g orally once daily; (iii) diabetic rats group received glibenclamide (0,18 mg/200g body weight) as well as Aloe vera juice supplementation (3,6 mL/200 g body weight) orally once daily for 30 days. Rats fastedovernight and the blood was withdrawn by retro-orbital puncture under light ether anesthesia on the pre-induction and 1st, 7th, 14thand 28th post induction to determine blood glucose. The kidney tissues of rats were taken under anesthesia at the end of 30 days. In the third group showed the decrease of blood glucose level significantly (p<0,05) compare to others. In addition to that, the third group has lower MDA levels and higher GPx and SOD enzyme levels compared to other groups (P<0,05). Aloe vera juice supplementation has antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials for type-II diabetes mellitus rats model being treated with standard medicine, glibenclamide. Keywords: Antioxidant, Aloe vera, diabetes mellitus, antihyperglycemic, streptozotocin-nicotinamide. |
