jpans
Abstract : Evaluation of the Effect of Telmisartan on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
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Abstract: Gentamicin (Gen) is widely used against serious infections, but its therapeutic use is limited due to its nephrotoxicity which causes acute renal failure. We aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of highly selective angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker Telmisartan (Tel) on the renal damage generated by Gentamicin in rats. 36 Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (6 rats each): Naive, Tel group (10 mg/kg/day orally for 7 days), control (1 ml/day 0.9% NaCl intraperitoneally i.p. for 7 days), Gen group (100 mg/kg/day i.p for 7 days), Gen + Tel 5 mg/kg/day concurrently for 7 days, Gen + Tel 10 mg/kg/day concurrently for 7 days. Concentrations of serum urea, serum creatinine, and renal reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated after treatment. Gen was observed to cause a severe nephrotoxicity, which was evidenced by an elevation of serum urea and creatinine levels which weren’t altered by simultaneous treatment with Tel. The oxidative stress caused by Gen demonstrated by a decrease in renal GSH level was significantly attenuated by Telmisartan (the higher dose). Conclusion: This study proves the nephrotoxicity caused by Gentamicin, and suggests that concurrent treatment with Telmisartan ameliorate oxidative stress induced by gentamicin without changes to serum urea and creatinine. Keywords: Nephrotoxicity, Gentamicin, Telmisartan, Oxidative Stress, Rat. |
Abstract : Alpha Mangostin and Xanthone from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Role on Insulin Tolerance and PPAR-γ in Preclinical Model Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract: Objective: This research elaborated role of alpha mangostin and xanthone on insulin resistance and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)-γ by measuring blood glucose level and PPAR- γ expression on adipocyte cell culture. Methods: Insulin tolerance test were conducted using male wistar rat divided into 9 groups, which were normal, control (D-Glucose induced only), glibenclamide, various doses of a-mangostin and xanthone (5, 10, 20 mg/kgbw). All group induced by D-glucose 3 g/kg orally 30 minutes later. Blood glucose levels changes were observed at 90th and 150th minute. While other study observed PPAR-γ expression on adipocyte cell culture that treated with a-mangostin/xanthone/pioglitazone in various concentration. Results: KITT in all treatment groups were significantly different (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control group, except xanthone 5 mg/kgbw. This suggests that a-mangostin 5, 10 and 20 mg/kgbw, xanthone 10 and 20 mg/kgbw, as well as metformin, have the effect of lowering insulin resistance in white ratsgiven a 10-day fatty emulsion. Almost similar with thiazolinedione, alpha mangostin and xanthone increase PPAR-g expression in adipocyte when the concentration bigger. But xanthone effect not as good as α-mangostin or thiazolinedione effect. Conclusion: Alpha mangostin and xanthone are two substances that showed potential effect to improve insulin tolerance by increasing PPAR-g in adipocyte. Keywords: α-mangostin, xanthone, thiazolinedione, insulin tolerance, PPAR-g. |
Abstract : Calcium Intakes in the Diet of Eastern Morocco’s Population
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Abstract: Purpose: Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in the world. Most epidemiological studies show that calcium and vitamin deficiencies are very frequent not only in the elderly population but also in the general adult population. The aim of our work was to evaluate the calcium intake in population of eastern Morocco by the translated version in Moroccan Arabic dialect of Fardellone questionnaire. Methods: The version translated into Arabic dialect Fardellone questionnaire was tested on a sample of 1000 subjects. The age distribution was calculated on the distribution of the general Moroccan population according to the most recent population and housing census of September 2014. Therefore, subjects younger than 15 years represented the first age group, the subjects aged 16 to 59 years represented the second age group and the subjects older than 60 years represented by the third age group. Results: The study population included 56% women (n = 560), 44% of men (n = 440). The subjects aged less than 15 years accounted for 11% (n = 110), those aged 15 to 59 73.1% (n = 731) and those aged over 60 years 15.9% (n = 159). The mean calcium intake was respectively 4907 mg by week (that means 701 mg/day). The assessment of calcium intake by age group showed a deficiency in all three groups. The average consumption of calcium per day was significantly lower than the recommended daily amount for the three age groups. Patients aged over 60 years is the age group most under nourished calcium. The comparison of both gender found a deficit higher among women than among men. Conclusion: Evaluation of the calcium intake is an essential tool for better management of metabolic bone diseases. Keywords: Calcium, Calcium intake, Fardellone, Morocco. |
Abstract : Cardio-Nephroprotective Effects of Guava and Olive Leaves Extracts on Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats
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Abstract: Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug that is known to increase oxidative stress in several organs. Our objective was to evaluate the possible cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of guava leaves extract (GLE) and olive leaves extract (OLE) on DOX-induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each, as follows: a normal control group, a DOX group (a single dose of DOX; 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), a GLE group (500 mg GLE/kg body weight), and an OLE group (500 mg OLE/kg body weight) for 12 d. DOX was administered in the DOX, GLE, and OLE rats, which were sacrificed 4 d after DOX administration. Results: DOX injection resulted in a significant elevation in serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatinin kinase-MB (CK-MB), total protein, urea, and creatinine. Cardiac as well as renal glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased, whereas tissue lipid peroxidation significantly increased. Pretreatment with GLE and OLE significantly reduced the elevated concentrations of serum lactate dehydrogenase, KC- MB, urea, creatinine and total protein (P < 0.05). GLE and OLE increased cardiac as well as renal GSH and CAT concentrations and decreased malondialdehyde concentrations. Conclusions: GLE and OLE showed promising protective effects against DOX-induced cardio-nephrotoxicity, which might be attributed to their antioxidant activities. Keywords: Antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Oxidative stress, Renal, Cardiac. |
