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Abstract : Evaluation of Different Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Varieties for Yield Performance and Sucking Insect Pests in Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Abstract: This study investigated the relative performance of ten brinjal (Solamum melongena L.) varieties for yield in fall 2014 in Bahawalpur. The study was conducted at farm area of Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Ten brinjal varieties were evaluated for yield performance in a research trial following randomized complete block design. Significant differences existed in the yield generated by tested varieties. Significantly more yield was recorded in Shamli and Eggplant deep black followed by Advanta 306, Sandhya F1, Black boy, Black nagina and Advanta 305 in descending order. Twinkle star and Kalash F1 generated significantly less yield while the significantly least yield was recorded for Xingchangjishi than all the tested varieties. Whitefly Bemesia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) were the major sucking insects attacking this crop. Populations of both pest insects were recorded significantly more on Xingchangjishi while least populations of these pests were recorded on Egg plant deep black and Sandhya F1. Correlation of insect populations with yield showed inverse relationships. These results are important regarding varietal performance for yield test conducted for ten brinjal varieties. Varieties i.e.,Eggplant deep black and Shamli with significantly more yields are recommended for cultivation in this area to get more brinjal yield. Keywords: Egg plant, solanaceae, sucking pests, yield comparison. |
Abstract : Investigation in the Variations of Ionospheric f0F2 due to Sunspot Numbers over Wakkanai using EDA Technique
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Abstract: In this research article, the authors have implemented the Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques to examine the deviation of the monthly median noon and midnight values of the critical frequency of F2 layer ionosphere (i.e. f0F2) at the Wakkanai station (45.39°N, 141.68°E), Japan, during sunspot cycle 21st (1976-1986) and 23rd (1996-2008). Primarily, univariate analysis has been done, which shows the variations in f0F2 at different local times, seasons and in the range of sunspot numbers (SSN), in which winter and semi-annual anomalies are detected in the months of December and March respectively. Secondly, the regression analysis is being used as a bivariate data analysis. The results proved a significantly nonlinear relationship exists between f0F2 and SSN. In both solar cycles, saturation effects are seen in the month of March during the noontime period and immensely in June during the midnight time. The behavior of the ionosphere has been studied for different latitudes, seasonal effects and sunspot dynamic conditions, in which this paper plays an essential role in it. Keywords: Sunspot number, Ionosphere, f0F2, Winter anomaly, Semi-annual anomaly, Saturation effect. |
Abstract : Effect of Different Packaging Materials on Chemical Composition of Fried Onion (Allium cepa L.): A Comparative Study
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Abstract: Onion is a commonly used vegetable in entire world. The onions have been utilized as a main component in many recipes by different cultures for thousands of years. Due to its significant medicinal properties, nutritional and energy value, onions (Allium cepa L.) impart numerous health benefits to consumers. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various packaging materials (T1= Polyethylene bags, T2= Aluminum foil, T3= Butter paper and T0= without packaging) on physico-chemical characteristics of fried onion.During storageat the Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. The pH value, titratable acidity (%), moisture (%), ash(%) and total carbohydrates were determined. The results indicated that pH value and total carbohydrates content were significantly affected by storage periods (P<0.05); whereas non-significant effects of packaging were found in titratable acidity, moisture, ash content, respectively. Keywords: Onion, Packaging material, Chemical composition. |
Abstract : Emergence of Karachi as the Largest Industrial Region of Pakistan
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Abstract: The analysis based on the data published by the CMI (2005-06) remarkably brings out the outstanding position of Karachi as the largest industrial center of the country. Though the industrial development is spreading fast in other districts, Karachi continues to expand as the largest manufacturing region with unabated prospects and potential for further growth in the near future, since new areas in Karachi Division are being developed for export-oriented industry and hi-tech manufacturing. The high value addition in Karachi is a distinctive trend. McCarty’s measure of excess value added has been employed to ascertain the rank of Karachi as an apex industrial district in Pakistan. Keywords: Excess Value Added, Export-oriented Industry, Hi-tec Manufacturing, County Excess. |
