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Abstract : The Association of Genetic Polymorphisms of TNFα, TNF-R1, and TNF-R2 and Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Response
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Abstract: Platinum-based therapy is commonly used for the treatment of lung cancer and has been widely accepted by clinicians, but the chemotherapy responses differ greatly among individuals. TNFα/TNF-R1/R2 signal pathway can trigger the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis after DNA damage was caused by platinum-based treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of TNFα -308 A/G, TNF-R1 -383A>C, -609T>G and TNF-R2 +676 T>G and the response of platinum-based chemotherapy in 313 Chinese advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MassARRAY was used to detect these four SNPs in three apoptosis-related genes. TNFα -308 A/G was significantly correlated with better clinical benefit. Patients carrying A allele tended to have a favorable prognosis after treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (P=0.043, OR=0.488, 95%CI=0.244-0.979). The patients with CA genotype have significantly reduced risk of platinum resistance compared with wild-type homozygotes CC genotype (P=0.025, OR=0.447, 95% CI=0.220-0.906). No association was found in other polymorphisms. In conclusion, our data suggest that TNFα -308 A/G polymorphism may serve as the indicator of platinum-based chemotherapy response in NSCLC patients. Keywords: TNFα, TNF-R1, TNF-R2, chemotherapy response, genetic polymorphism, lung cancer.Download Full Article |
Abstract : Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Suppression of Cancer Stem Cells and Cancer Cells
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Abstract: Surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles is designed for simultaneous suppression of cancer stem cells and cancer cells. The fundamental mechanism of the simultaneous suppression is based on the blocking against DNA polymerase, DNA helicase and RNA polymerase by positively charged gold nanoparticles introduced into nucleuses. In addition, applications of physical fields (ultrasound, X-ray or electromagnetic wave) will enhance the suppression effects of the cancer cells by interactions between gold nanoparticles and physical fields. It is predicted theoretically that the surface functionalization of gold nanoparticle is promising for radical treatments of cancers. Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, cancer cells, cancer stem cells, DNA, chromosome, histones, DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase.Download Full Article |
Abstract : Retrospective Study of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and its Association with Lymphoma
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Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) involves both the liver and extra hepatic organs. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the association between HCV genotypes and lymphomas. Lymphoma cases were retrieved from our surgical pathology and hematopathology archives from January 2005 to April 2012. Patients who had positive HCV serology with subsequent viral genotyping were selected. Patients with positive Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)serology were excluded. We identified 17 lymphoma cases with associated HCV infection. Eleven out of 14 (79%) patients had genotype 1 HCV. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the most common lymphoma (6 out of 17 cases) and all cases of DLBCL had genotype 1. Genotype 2 was detected in only three patients (21%) with the diagnoses of follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). CHL was diagnosed in three cases and peripheral T-cell lymphoma in one case.Twelve of 17 (71%) patients were incarcerated in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice system. All 11 genotype 1 patients were male, 4 of 11 (36%) were African American, 4 of 11 (36%) were Caucasian and 3 of 11 (27%) were Hispanic.We concluded that HCV genotype 1 was more common than genotype 2 while no other genotype was detected. Keywords: HCV genotypes, HCV associated lymphomas, HCV.Download Full Article |
Abstract : lincRNA HOTAIR as a Novel Promoter of Cancer Progression
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Abstract: Large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNA) regulate development and disease via interactions with their protein partners. Expression of the lincRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is elevated in a variety of malignancies and linked to metastasis and poor prognosis. HOTAIR promotes proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in the preclinical studies of cancer through modulation of chromatin modifying complexes. In the current review we discuss the molecular mechanisms of HOTAIR-mediated aggressive phenotypes of cancer, HOTAIR’s potential in cancer intervention, and challenges in exploration of HOTAIR in cancer biology Keywords: lincRNA, cancer, PRC2, EZH2, metastasis.Download Full Article |
