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Abstract: Four novel complexes of “3-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazono)indolin-2-one” have been synthesized with Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2 and Zn+2. Physical and analytical techniques including CHN, IR, UV-Vis, AAS, molar conductivity values and magnetic susceptibility data were used to characterize all complexes. The bis Schiff base ligand i.e. 3-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazono)indolin-2-one, acted as a tridentate ligand and coordinated through phenolic oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and carbonyl group. Low values of molar conductance suggested the non-electrolyte nature of all complexes. Elemental analysis of complexes indicated the 1:1 metal to ligand mole ratios for [Cu(Inh)(OAc)] and [Zn(Inh)(OAc)] metal complexes and 1:2 metal to ligand mole ratios for [Co(Inh)2] and [Ni(Inh)2] metal complexes. Square planner geometry is proposed for [Cu(Inh)(OAc)] and distorted tetrahedral geometry is proposed for [Zn(Inh)(OAc)] while octahedral geometries are proposed for [Co(Inh)2] and [Ni(Inh)2] metal complexes. Antimicrobial and antioxidant studies were performed for all compounds and it was discovered that the complexes are more potent antibacterial and antifungal agents while the ligand exhibited comparatively more DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil) radical scavenging activity than the complexes. Keywords: Bis Schiff base, Transition metal complexes, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant. Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are getting more complex day by day because of vast and modern technology. Analyzing PCB’s failure and their reason of failing is a challenging task but despite how faulty they may be, they can be diagnosed and repair. Modern PCBs consist of fine pitch components including unidentified, non-testable and customized parts, which make it difficult to troubleshoot and repair. Modern PCBs cannot test and repair using generic Automatic Test Equipments (ATEs), unlike simple ones. Successful repair of such types of PCBs is an art more than science. PCB troubleshooting and fault analysis needs a good theoretical knowledge and analytical thinking. It is not something, which can only study from books, but it can gain through constant troubleshooting and experiencing. Keeping in view above mentioned problems this research focused on exploring diagnosis skills and techniques used to identify faults in such Integrated Circuits (ICs) and components using VI instrument. As a result, reducing equipment downtime and high costs need in PCB repairs. Keywords: Troubleshoot and repair, VI instrument, customized components, Printed Circuit Board (PCB), defective component. Download Full Article |
Ambreen Insaf, Mirza Salman Baig, Zeeshan Alam Nayyar and Mirza Aman Baig
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Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of classical trapping on the control of malaria transmission. The Ross-Macdonald model is modified and a trapping probability function is introduced to construct a partial differential equation (PDE) system. The proof of existence and uniqueness of solution of density functions to the PDE system is given, numerical simulation results based on Gaussian distribution and exponential distribution are obtained for the solutions, and graphical representations of solutions are shown and interpreted. Keywords: Trapping Probability, Ross-Macdonald Model, Gaussian Distribution, Mosquito Density, Malaria. |
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Abstract: Transgenic crops that contain Cry genes from B. thuringiensis (Bt) were commercialized in many countries and widely adopted by farmers over the last 17 years. The cultivation of transgenic crops expressing B. thuringiensis (Bt) toxins to control insect pests provides both economical and environmental benefits from reductions in chemical insecticide use, effective control of pests and minimal impact on non-target organisms. The objective of this research was to know the effect of different transgenic Bt cotton on the fiber quality of different Bt cotton varieties. Three transgenic Bt cotton varieties CCR141, CCRI79 and Bollgard II were planted in the field of Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2012 and 2013. Randomly 50 bolls lint sample were collected from top, middle and bottom of the cotton plants. The fiber obtained from the boll samples was used to measure the cotton fiber staple length (mm), staple elongation (%), staple micronaire value, staple strength (cN/tex) and staple uniformity (%) by using HVI equipment at Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of cotton Quality, China. The result shows that lint quality characters of transgenic cotton varieties were not significantly affected compared with conventional non Bt variety during 2012 and 2013 but fiber strength is significantly affected during 2013. In conclusion there was no effect of transgenic Bt cotton on the fiber quality of cotton during 2012 and 2013. Keywords: Transgenic Bt cotton, Lint quality, Fiber characters, Cry gene. |
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Abstract: Exercise may be used to attenuate cancer treatment-related side effects. However, the majority of cancer survivors do not participate in regular exercise. Purpose: This study examined changes in fitness parameters as well as perceived exercise benefits and barriers held by post-treatment adult cancer survivors, who participated in a 12-week structured exercise program. Methods: This study used a randomized controlled trial design. Participants were 24 post-treatment adult cancer survivors with various cancer diagnoses. The Exercise Benefits /Barriers Subscale (EBBS) questionnaire was used to evaluate perceived exercise benefits and barriers. Data was analyzed using a mixed-between-within ANOVA. Results: There were no significant differences in the total EBBS score (128.7 ± 23.2 v. 142.6 ± 17.8; p=.20) or the benefits (86.4 ± 17.2 v. 96.3 ± 12.9; p=.31) and barriers subscales (42.3 ± 7.8 v. 46.5 ± 6.1; p=.14). However, those in the exercise group were significantly more likely to respond that exercise participation would not cause fatigue (2.42 ±.90 v. 3.25 ± .45; p=0.04), but may decrease fatigue (3.0 ± .60 v. 3.17 ±.58; p=.03). Conclusion: Among cancer survivors, exercise participation may strengthen the perception that exercise reduces, rather than causes, fatigue. Keywords: Cancer, Exercise, Fatigue, Post-Treatment, Survivorship, Exercise Beliefs. |