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Studies on the Biology of Leaf Roller, Ancylis sativa (Liu) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) a Major Pest of Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana)
Pages 236-241Creative Commons License
Imtiaz A.Nizamani,M.Ibrahim Khaskheli,Aslam Bukero, Niaz A. Wahocho, Shafique A. Nizamani and Naeem A. Qureshi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.36

Published: 13 June 2016

Abstract: Jujube, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.is one of the most important fruit crops of Sindh, Pakistan, and is consumed due to good flavour and high nutritional value. However, the occurrence of Jujube leaf roller Ancylis sativa (Liu) is a major threat to reduce the production of fruits, ultimately causing tremendous economic loss to the growers. The present study is the first comprehensive attempt on biology of Jujube leaf roller. There were five larval stages between egg and pupa. Adults were usually tan or brown, have mottled areas or dark bands. Average size of adult measured 9.53 mm long and 2.85 mm wide, wing span ranging from 16 to19 mm.

Keywords: Ancylis sativa Liu, Jujube leaf roller, Biology.
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Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences

Study of Extension Teaching Methods Adopted through Crop Maximization Project: A Case Study of Sindh Province
Pages 300-303
Muhammad Ismail Kumbhar, Har Bakhsh Makhijani, Khalid Noor Panhwar, Shuhabuddin Mughal and Naseer Ahmed Abbasi

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2015.11.44

Published: 03 April 2015

Open Access

Abstract: Farmers' decisions to adopt a new agricultural technology depend on complex factors. One of the factors is farmers' perception.Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MINFA) launched an integrated development programme entitled “Crop Maximization Project (CMP)” in 15 districts of the country. A successful extension teaching method can play a vital role to transfer the technology to the farming community. The role of the extension agent cannot be ignored for dissemination of information at field level. This study was conducted six districts of Sindh province comprising Mirpurkhas, Sanghar, Shaheed Benazirabad, Naushahro Feroze, Khairpur and Larkana. Five villages were selected from the each district through multistage sampling techniques. Ten famers were selected from each village. Thus making a sample of 300 farmers was randomly selected for the study. A well structured interview schedule was used to collect information from the small farmers on their personal and socio-economic characteristics and effectiveness of extension teaching method at farm level. Statistical techniques like mean scores and percentages were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed that majority 35% of the small farmers were youth having age group (26-35 years). About 57% of the respondents were married; majority (40%) maintained a range of small farmers having land 6-12 acres. 45% of the respondents having their primary education. Almost 47% of the respondents were experienced between 6 to 10 years. The result of the study showed that land management practices and selection and sowing of certified seed at proper time ranked highest in the order of acquiring knowledge. The majority 80% farmers perceived farmers field school, while 70% farmers were identified result demonstration, 68% farmers through method demonstration as the extension teaching method used by extension personnel. It is recommended that farmers should be trained through farmer’s field school for the adoption of the technology at field level. Crop maximization project should be extended to other districts of Sindh province and knowledge of the farmers should be enhanced through extension teaching methods for crop productivity enhancement and better livelihood for the farming community. .

Keywords: Extension Teaching Method, Crop Maximization, Small Farmers, Adoption.

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Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences

Study of Urban Heat Island of Karachi by Using Finite Volume Mesoscale Model
Pages 101-105
Sajjad Hussain Sajjad, Nadège Blond, Rabia Batool, Safdar Ali Shirazi, Khadija Shakrullah and M. Nasar Bhalli

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2015.11.13

Published: 06 February 2015

Open Access

Abstract: Karachi is the largest and most populous metropolitan city of Pakistan and the main seaport and financial centre of the country. Rapid urbanization during last 40 to 50 years caused to accelerate its population to 23.7 million. The objective of this work was to study the impact of urbanization on development of urban heat island (UHI) of Karachi city. The study was conducted by using Finite Volume Mesoscale Model (FVM) in which topography from GTOPO30, land-use from GLC 2000 and Meteorological data from NCEP were used as an input to run the simulation. The simulations were run for three days starting at 00:00 (GMT) on 19th day of April and ending at 00:00 (GMT) on 22nd day of April over selected domain with resolution of 3x3 km of 30 cells. The results showed that there is significance urban heat island presence in Karachi city where the urban area has 5.6°C to 13.5°C higher temperature than its surrounding non-urban areas depending upon the time of a day.

Keywords: Urbanization, Finite Volume Mesoscale Model, Karachi, urban heat island.
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Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences

Study of the Mobile Phone Technology in Creating Awareness among Small Farmers of Sindh Province
Pages 291-295
Har Bakhsh Makhijani, Muhammad Ismail Kumbhar, Shuhabuddin Mughal, Hameeda Masood Shah and Naseer Ahmed Abbasi

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2015.11.42

Published: 03 April 2015

Open Access

 

Abstract: Information and communication knowledge have played a positive role in different segments of the society such as in agriculture education and community development. Now a days most of the farmers are using these technologies especially mobile phones which have given a fruitful result to community. This study was conducted in Sindh Pakistan and survey was conducted in district Jamshoro Taulka Manjhand. Total two hundred respondents were randomly selected for data collection. The study indicated that 90% of the respondents possessed their personal mobile phones and 70% of the respondents utilized mobile for communication with their friends. While 75% of the were of the opinion asked that mobile phones have made their lives easy. However, the results showed that 72% did not contact with any agriculture officer and similarly not contacted with customers to sell their product. Furthermore, study revealed that 74.5% of the respondents replied that they utilize internet on mobile phones. Overall result indicated that farmers are not getting any benefit or increase their income, save time and energy by using the mobile phones in their places.

Keywords: Mobile phones agriculture information and internet use.

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Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences

Study of Variations in the Extraction Yield, Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities of the Bark of F. religiosa as a Function of Extraction Procedure
Pages 8-13
Aftab Ashraf, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti, Bushra Sultana and Amer Jamil

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.02

Published: 14 January 2016

Open Access

Abstract: In present study, the effect of different solvents and multiple techniques on the extraction yield, phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of bark of F. Religiosa, was investigated. Four solvents (absolute ethanol, absolute methanol, 80% aqueous ethanol and 80% aqueous methanol) and three techniques (orbital shaker, sonication and magnetic stirrer) were applied for this purpose. The extract obtained by the application of 80% methanol, exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher antioxidant activities. The statistical order of the solvents according to their efficiency was 80% methanol > 80% ethanol > absolute methanol >absolute ethanol. As for as techniques are concerned, the extracts obtained by the application of sonication demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher antioxidant activities as compared to to the extracts obtained as a result of using magnetic stirrer and orbital shaker.

Keyword: Antioxidant activities, DPPH radical, Ficus religiosa, total phenolic contents.

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