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Abstract: Purpose: The current study examined the relationship of intellectual ability with emotional intelligence, academic achievement, and aggression of adolescents. Methods: Correlational design was utilized to study the relationship between these variables. Adolescent students (N=500, 50% boys & 50% girls, with the mean age of 15.01 years & SD of 1.11) were approached from different private schools and colleges of Karachi. To measure their intellectual ability, emotional intelligence, and aggression, Draw-A-Person Intellectual Ability Test for children, adolescents, and adults (DAP: IQ), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), and Aggression Questionnaire-Short Form (AQ-12) were administered. Their academic achievement was assessed through their percentage of most recent examination. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was utilized to analyse the results. Results: Intellectual ability was significantly positively related with emotional intelligence and its domains i.e. Self-Emotional Appraisal, Others’ Emotional Appraisal, Use of Emotions, and Regulation of Emotions (p <.01). Intellectual ability and emotional intelligence were also significantly positively related to academic achievement (r=.181, p < .01 & r = .143, p < .01 respectively). Further, intellectual ability and emotional intelligence were significantly negatively related with aggression (r = -.108, p < .01 & r = -.102, p < .05 respectively). Conclusion: Intellectual ability and Emotional intelligence are related constructs which are not only positively related with each other but also with academic achievement while negatively related to the aggression of adolescents. Hence, these two domains of intelligence are equally important in academic achievement as well as in control/expression of aggression. Keywords: Adolescent students, emotional appraisal, emotion regulation, verbal aggression, physical aggression, anger, hostility, PakistanDownload Full Article |
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Abstract: This investigation explored the relationship between task intensity, competitive setting, and attentional strategy in collegiate rowers. Here, the associative-dissociative dimension of attentional focus is considered. Associative thoughts are task-related, whereas dissociative thoughts are not. Previous work has linked associative strategies with higher level performance, and higher intensities of exercise (i.e. those which exceed the ventilatory threshold). Male and female collegiate rowers (N = 298) completed three training sessions (one each at low, moderate, and high intensity) and two races (short and long distance). Results revealed that the higher the training intensity, the greater the degree of association. A greater degree of association was also observed in competition as opposed to training, and in short distance versus long distance races. There was no gender difference in attentional strategy. Finally, it was shown that the variation in attentional strategy was inversely proportional to exercise intensity. These findings support previous work examining the effect of task intensity on attentional focus [1], in a field based setting. Furthermore, new insight is offered regarding how competition interacts with intensity in this relationship. Keywords: Cognitive strategies, association, dissociation, rowing, attentional focus..Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Aim: To study autonomic dysfunction in Asian Indian T2DM patients by heart rate variability and it's relation with body fat content, distribution and insulin resistance. Subjects and Methods: Subjects: 33 T2DM patients aged (46.96 ± 8.90 yrs), and 33 healthy controls aged (44.08 ± 9.15 yrs). Methods: Short-term heart rate variability (HRV) was measured by impedance plethysmograph recording of pulse wave in distal superficial arteries. Time domain and Frequency domain analysis of HRV was carried out. Time domain parameters (SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50) and frequency domain parameters (Total Power, LF power, HF Power, LF (nu), HF (nu), LF/HF Ratio) were determined. Body fat content and distribution was estimated by (DEXA). Insulin Resistance was assessed by HOMA-R. Student t test was used for comparison of parameters in two groups. Multiple regression was used to find out relation between parameters of adiposity and HRV. Results: Parameters rMSSD, pNN50, Total power, LF Power, HF Power were significantly lower in diabetics. Total power showed negative correlation with BMI and truncal fat (r=-.43; p<. 05) and (r=-.41; p<. 05) respectively. Frequency domain parameter HF (ms2) showed negative correlation with BMI and trunk fat (gm %) (r= -.47; p<. 05) and (r=-.40; p<. 05) respectively. HF (nu) was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-.43; p<. 05) whereas positive correlation was observed between LF (nu) and BMI (r=. 40; p<. 05). Conclusion: T2DM is associated with overall reduction in autonomic activity however, body fat content influences relative modulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity among diabetics but not among controls. Contrary to most previous reports, insulin resistance as well as W: H ratio had no influences on autonomic activity. Keywords: T2DM, Autonomic Imbalance, Insulin Resistance, Body Fat Distribution.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Dysgraphia, a learning disability associated with writing skills, hinders students to put their thought on paper and write correctly. Writing problems hit students most frequently that one third students become failed to acquire writing skill. Different IT based assistance solutions available for dysgraphia students but most of them are accommodations based or provides writing alternatives rather than developing writing skills of a dysgraphia student. Handwriting is an essential skill for academic life and developed handwriting skill helps student to protect their self-esteem and build student’s confidence to participate in other activities during class. Most of available writing assistance solutions do not provide interesting ways to acquire writing skills. To handle this problem, augmented reality (AR) based dysgraphia assistance solution has presented in this work. This study utilized AR to develop dysgraphia student’s interest in writing and used it to assist in writing activity by providing help in spellings. AR based dysgraphia assistance writing environment (AR-DAWE) modal use Google cloud API of speech-to-text and addressed one of the important issues of dysgraphia student that is associated with spelling mistakes. Keywords: Dysgraphia, Learning Disability, Assistance, Writing Skill, Assistive Technology, Handwriting. |
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Abstract: Meat is prone to contamination by pathogenic organisms during slaughter and processing due to unhygienic practices in Nigeria. In recent times, there has been an increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant foodborne pathogens due to increased drug misuse in livestock industry. We assessed the level of microbial contamination of fresh muscle tissues from cattle slaughtered in a major abattoir in Ibadan immediately after slaughter and also determined the antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Listeria spp isolates from the muscle tissues. These were done using standard plate and Bauer-Kirby disc diffusion techniques for bacteriological assay and antibiotic sensitivity testing, respectively. We found that the muscle tissues from the slaughtered cattle were highly contaminated, with the Total Aerobic (6.59±0.94 log cfu/g), coliform (6.43±0.67 log cfu/g) and Listeria (6.96±0.32 log cfu/g) counts being higher than the acceptable international standards. Isolated E. coli and Listeria spp demonstrated 100% resistance to all tested antibiotics. We thus recommend further studies to be carried out on the molecular characteristics of antibiotic resistant genes responsible for transferability of bacterial resistance among foodborne pathogens in Nigeria. Keywords: Beef, microbial contamination, E. coli, Listeria spp, antibiotic resistance.Download Full Article |