ijcs
Abstract : Criminal Liability by the Pharmaceutical Industry on the Use of Precursors for Illicit Narcotics in Indonesia: A Review
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Abstract: Purpose of the study: the aim of this study was to review the law enforcement regarding precursors for manufacturing narcotic drugs in Indonesia. Keywords: Precursors, narcotics, pharmaceutical industries, criminal liability. |
Abstract : Policing Intimate Partner Violence in the Witbank Policing Area
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Abstract: In South Africa, like elsewhere, DV affects people regardless of class, age, ethnicity, or other attributes. Using data from a sample of 30 participants comprising of police officials and victims of DV from the Witbank policing area, this article sought to: determine how policing is being conducted on DV challenges, determine how DV cases are handled by the police and investigate the challenges faced by the police in DV related cases. Semi-structured interviews and the analysis of case dockets were utilized as a means of collecting information. The findings indicated that the overall police response to victims of DV is not good enough and the local police needs to take decisive action to rectify this. Based on the research findings, the recommendations are suggested to guide the police officials at the station on how to respond adequately. Keywords: Children, domestic violence, investigation, police, victimisation. |
Abstract : Analysis of the Attitudes of Coastal Communities in Sasi Management in Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency
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Abstract: Sasi is a belief system, rules, and rituals that involve temporary prohibitions on the use of specific resources or areas. Social, economic-political, and ecological pressures are the background for the dynamics of Sasi. This study aimed to explain the impact of the Attitudes of the Coastal Community on Sasi Management in Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. This research used a descriptive qualitative method, and it was conducted in the Leihitu sub-district, Central Maluku district. The research location was selected by purposive sampling. The results showed that most of the coastal communities in the Leihitu sub-district accepted/supported Sasi's implementation. The knowledge about Sasi and communication affects the coast in the Leihitu sub-district, Central Maluku District. At the same time, the closing of the Sasi distinguishes the implementation of Sasi. The opening of the Sasi is carried out by traditional, religious, or a combination. The monitoring, accountability, and enforcement mechanisms carried out in traditional coastal resource management are generally carried out within the community, with the community observing the violations that occur. Keywords: Coastal Communities, Sasi, Leihitu District. |
Abstract : The Impact of the Private Security Industry Regulation Act and other Legislative Frameworks on Private Securities Operating in Drinking Establishments in South Africa
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Abstract: This paper seeks to explore the legislation and regulatory frameworks that guides the functionality and operation of private securities placed in drinking establishments in South Africa. Prior research has indicated lack of clarity regarding private security personnel regulation in drinking establishments, otherwise known as bouncers. For instance, the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA) is the current regulatory structure which is mandated to monitor and regulate all the private security industries in South Africa. Private security players in South Africa are obligated to comply with the PSIR Act and related laws in general. For this reason, the duty of PSIRA to oversee and monitor private securities and to ensure that they comply with the law is paramount. However, a major concern is whether nightclub security is regulated in adherence to this Act or not. Research evidence has shown that security legislation and guidelines are either not in place or not enforced at nightclubs. The purpose of this article is to examine critical legislations that South African nightclub securities must comply with to ensure legitimacy. Furthermore, it assesses the regulatory body, PSIRA, in relation to South African nightclub securities. It further explores the training requirements needed to qualify as a nightclub security. Arguably, a limited number of studies address the skills and legal requirements nightclub securities need to meet to fully qualify to work as a nightclub security in South Africa. Thus this paper will add to the body of knowledge in the field of nightclub security regulation. Strengthening the regulatory framework and increasing the authority's enforcement capacity to regulate the industry more effectively have become inevitable obligations, especially in light of the continued growth in the private security industry. The article finds that nightclub security is not adequately regulated, leading to non-compliance of the regulatory framework from the private security industry. This paper is an extensive review of literature focusing on South African legislative frameworks that regulate private security operations in drinking establishments. Keywords: Private security industry, bouncers, drinking establishments, compliance, regulations. |
