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Abstract - Diagnosing The Dynamic Drivers of Healthcare Expenditure in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) Countries
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Abstract: The foremost impact of healthcare system is for the individuals to have the right and privileges to access enhanced healthcare services. The demand for health, innovation and sustainable healthcare systems has also been gaining better prominence and consideration in numerous countries, and it is perceived as one of the major contributors to the economic growth and development. This paper looks at the dynamic drivers of healthcare expenditure in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries from 1990 to 2015. The dynamic panel system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique was used for the study analysis. The findings show that the income, life expectancy, share of population between the age group of 65 years and above, share of population age under 15 years, out-of-pocket payment, research and development (technology) in healthcare and consumer price index were the drivers of healthcare expenditure in OIC countries. In view of this, the study differs from recent and previous studies, because the study offers novel empirical findings as the income per capita is above one, which is about 1.90 and inelastic. This proves that healthcare in OIC countries is a luxury goods. Keywords: Healthcare expenditure, OIC countries and Generalized Method of Moments. |
Abstract - Risk Reduction in Online Flight Reservation: The Role of Information Search
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Abstract: The air industry is very competitive. Operating costs are high. To survive and earn profits, it is imperative for airlines to save substantial costs. This can come from selling tickets online. However, in many developing countries including Malaysia, a lot of consumers still refuse to buy flights online. Perceived risk of the internet is a key likely reason. To overcome this resistance, reducing perceived risk is crucial. This study examines the influence of perceived risk and risk-relievers on intention to reserve flight online. The two risk-relievers investigated are information type and personal sources of information. Using data collected online, PLS-SEM analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between type of information, personal sources of information, perceived risk, and intention to reserve flight online. Information type is found to relieve perceived risk and increases online reserve intention. Surprisingly, the results for personal sources of information show otherwise. In addition, perceived risk is empirically supported as being multidimensional. The findings suggest the importance of managing information to relieve risk perceptions so that airlines can stimulate higher online reservations. Thus, better profits can be made in spite of a competitive business environment. Keywords: Perceived risk, risk-relievers, online, air tickets, flight, information. |
Abstract - The Impact of HOT Skills on Enhancing Professional Communication Strategies among Malaysian TESL Students
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Abstract: Effective professional communication is required for the university students, particularly studying Education, to achieve their career goals. Perhaps a set of the most important skills for enhancing professional communication strategies among the university students and practitioners are to use Higher Order Thinking skills (HOTs). This research was conducted to investigate the Malaysian students’ attitude towards HOTs in their professional communication strategies at two private universities in Malaysia. It tried to analyse the implementation of HOTs to indicate if these skills are able to enhance the university students’ professional communication strategies in academic and professional settings. This study involved 54 respondents which consisted of 41 Bachelor of Teaching English as a Second Language (BTESL) students and 13 Diploma of TESL (DTESL) students already done their internship. The research instruments were questionnaire and interview. The researcher-designed questionnaire was distributed through online to all the respondents. Moreover, the interviewees were randomly selected by the researchers. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and a comparative study. Overall, the findings showed that only a few trainee Malaysian BTESL students fell under the category of good background knowledge in HOTs. However, in the comparative study, it surprisingly showed that Malaysian DTESL students had a better understanding of HOTs compared to Malaysian BTESL trainee students. Therefore, it is suggested that HOTs are significant required thinking and creative skills which all Malaysian university students need to obtain during their education in the university level so that they can communicate effectively in this competitive world to achieve their career objectives. Keywords: Higher Order Thinking Skills, Creativity, Analysis, Evaluation, Communication strategies. |
Abstract - Malaysian’s Young Consumer Preferences of Hijab
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Abstract: Researchers have long been interested in understanding young consumers’ purchasing behaviour, especially in terms of their purchasing preferences and decision-making styles. Zooming to hijab preferences, different angles of hijab have been studied. Out of 32.4 million of total population, Islam is the most widely professed religion in Malaysia. Thus, this research aims to obtain young consumer preferences of hijab. It was conducted through focus group interviews in one of the public university located in Selangor, Malaysia. The focus group interviews were audio taped and transcribed. There were 13 Malaysian female respondents; students of aged 20 to 25 years old. The findings thus far revealed that young consumer’s selection of hijab to wear and attend lectures is highly influenced by easiness to wear hijab, boost confidence as well as their moods and face shape. These factors make them feel more comfortable to move around with their active lifestyle as university students. Limitations and recommendations for future studies are discussed. Keywords: Hijab, Malaysia, Muslim, young consumers, preference. |
