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Abstract: Weakest bound Electron Potential Model Theory has turned out to be a successful theory in explaining many atomic properties, namely, energy levels, transition probabilities and oscillator strengths. The theory has also been used to calculate Rydberg energy levels and quantum defects. In this paper we studied semiconductor elements Boron and Silicon. We calculated energy levels of Rydberg atoms of Boron and Silicon up to n = 50 levels using WBEPMT. We also calculated quantum defects in principle quantum number for various configurations of these elements. Keywords: Weakest bound Electron Potential Model Theory, Rydberg Atoms, Rydberg energy levels, Boron, Silicon. Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Schiff bases are substances prepared generally by the condensation reaction of aldehydes or ketones with amines. They may have substituted aliphatic or aromatic side chains, and hence show extensive biological activities. It is reported that these molecules play an important role in the synthesis of various drugs. This paper focus on the biological activities of Schiff bases of various types and hence makes them important precursors in designing drugs for medical treatment. The biological applications of Schiff bases can be extended from antimicrobial, plant growth regulator, antioxidant, enzymatic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, antiviral, neuroprotective, analgesic, anti-convulsant to neurotoxic activities. They also serve as a dominant class of ligands with a variety of binding sites for coordination with metals. Keywords: Schiff bases, anti-microbial, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-malarial. Download Full Article |
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Abstract: The aim of study is to determine the level of influence on women’s behavior by television advertisement. The research is designed for the women’s between 16 to 40 years age. Study is based on quantitative research method; survey is used to collect the data. Participants answered number of questions from questionnaire which is based on the influence of TV advertisement on buying decisions among women. The study explores that a creative and well executed advertisement has always a great impact on the buying trends or purchasing behaviors of the consumers. At the same time quality of the product and price is also included with their strong impact on buying behavior of consumer. Likewise to some extent the celebrity endorsement also matters in the buying behavior. Therefore the study concludes that the positive impact of all these factors, on the buying behavior of the consumer proves the loyalty of consumer towards brand which helps in promotion of the advertised product and changes the buying behavior towards buying intentions. Keywords: Television advertising, buying behavior, women consumer, buying decision, Celebrity Endorsement, Quality of Product, Buying intention, Pre and Post behavior, Mass Communication. Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Rivers are the sign of prosperity, the hub of the economy and act as lifeline for the areas from where they flow. Rivers help in irrigation, ground water recharge, upgrading water quality, maintaining soil fertility, fostering forests. They also support in stabilizing industries, establishing cities and towns. Revirs are the sources of energy generation, enhancing tourism, managing wetlands, boosting fishing, avoiding desertification, droughts, famine and empowering people by providing employment opportunities. Rivers might stop flowing in any area through climatic changes, river piracy, and upper riparian monopoly. Sutlej River is now not flowing in Pakistan due to damming at its upper riparian (India) after the Indus Basin Water Treaty. In this paper, efforts are made to know about evolutionary processes through which Sutlej River passed from the old days and its present cruel and politicized abundance by the upper riparian. The main objective of the paper is to furnish a preliminary data base about Pakistan side (lower riparian) of the Sutlej River. Fact and figures used are mainly from the secondary sources and few primary sources and direct observations. By exploring and knowing about its spatial pattern, temporal evolutions, geographical, geological and physiographical changes and all the processes concerned to the river, it will be possible for us to educate our future generation about the conversion of past mighty and splendid Sutlej River into an abandoned River. Keywords: Sutlej River, Geospatial, Temporal, Physiographical study, Jhangi Wala, Bahawalpur. Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Purpose: The present prospective cross sectional study was aimed to access the prevalence and trend of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in different age groups and gender, in the city of Lahore, Pakistan. Tuberculosis is a disease of poverty affecting mostly young adults in their most productive years; however, all age groups are at risk. Method: The study population consisted of patients under DOT program with MDR-TB among males and females and in different categories of age groups. The data was collected from 100 MDR-TB patients from 7800 TB patients that were admitted in duration of 6 months and analyzed to evaluate the drug resistance associated with patient’s noncompliance. Moreover, drugs resistance ratio was also calculated from the data. Results: TB is a specific infectious disease, caused by M. tuberculosis strains, which is becoming resistant to anti-tuberculosis agents especially to Isoniazid and Rifampicin that are two key drugs of TB treatment and are termed as MDR-TB. The disease was seen in 66% males and 34% in female. The highest drug resistance ratio was in found in adults (age group). Keywords: Multi Drug Resistance, Tuberculosis, DOT, Lahore, M. tuberculosis. Download Full Article |